Shade And Water Treatment Effects On Cardiocrinum Giganteum Physiological Characteristics

Cardiocrinum giganteum is also called Buckwheat Leaf Fritillaria, it has strong, tall and straight stems, beautiful flowers. Besides, Cardiocrinum giganteum is also a kind of delicious food and functional medicinal herb. As Cardiocrinum giganteum is becoming more and more popular, the researches concerning it have been conducted in many different aspects, which include the growing atmosphere, morphological and blossom characteristics of wild Cardiocrinum giganteum, the diversity and introduction of different cultivars, the methods of rapid propagation in vitro as well as studies in terms of cytology, all the studies contribute significantly to the popularization and application of Cardiocrinum giganteum. In this study, photosynthetic and physiological performances of transplanted Cardiocrinum giganteum under the condition of shadowing and water controlling were investigated, thus providing theoretical and technological supports for the large scale introduction and breeding of Cardiocrinum giganteum in the future.Three levels of shadowing were set to explore its influences on growing traits of Cardiocrinum giganteum. It could be concluded that the leaves of Cardiocrinum giganteum were larger when 3 layers shadowing was implemented. Under 1 layer shadowing, leaf area of Cardiocrinum giganteum was the smallest while its bulbs had the largest degree of increment, the opposite growth performance of above-ground parts and under-ground parts was a kind of inborn regulatory mechanism of plants to keep the balance of growth. When 2 layers of shadowing was implemented, growing traits of Cardiocrinum giganteum mostly lied between those of 3-layer and 1-layer treatment. With the increase of light intensity, the contents of osmotic regulation substances, such as free proline and MDA, all showed a tendency of increasing, which illustrated that 3-layer shadowing was conducive to the resistance aggrandizement and growth of Cardiocrinum giganteum. In terms of antioxidant enzyme system, a relative low enzyme activity of 3-layer shadowing treatment was observed, which manifested that the growth of Cardiocrinum giganteum was not depressed under that light intensity. The total pigment content of Cardiocrinum giganteum in 3-layer shadowing treatment under the maximum, with the increasing degree of shade, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content showed a rising trend, also proved Cardiocrinum giganteum in 3-layer shadowing treatment have a better ability to capture light energy, which showed strong shade tolerance of Cardiocrinum giganteum. By studying the physiological characteristics of the bulbs, a lower level of osmotic substances and a higher level of starch were observed under 3-layer shadowing treatment. All in all, appropriate shadowing was conducive to the growth of Cardiocrinum giganteum.Water was also controlled at 3 different levels in this study, and it was found that leaf area as well as weights of stems, leaves, roots and bulbs all decreased with the decreasing of water availability. Leaf area and bulb weight increment were larger while contents of free proline, soluble sugar and MDA all stayed in a low level when high level water was supplied. When water supply was kept in a low level, antioxidant enzyme activities were stronger. In terms of photosynthetic rate, high water treatment performed worse under the condition of light saturation, while it performed better when light intensity was set at the same level. Besides, nitrate-nitrogen content of low water treatment was highest, thus a higher photosynthetic rate was observed when light was not limited. Pigments of middle water treatment stayed in a relative high level, and it was conducive to the process of photosynthesis. In a word, appropriate soil water supply could promote the growth of Cardiocrinum giganteum.