Design Of Information Transmission Protocol Based On Quantum Entangled States

With the electricity supplier era gradually enter our daily lives, the exchange of information is increasing, then the information transmission speed and security have been a great challenge. Quantum communication technology has high-speed, super-capacity and unconditional security features, which makes it has great potential development and application prospects, and has become the current hot research topic. In this paper, We use linear algebra tools to design three quantum information transmission protocol based on different entangled states as quantum channel. The main contents are as follows:1. Quantum dialogue protocol. Using three-particle GHZ state as an information carrier, the two communicating parties encode their own secret information into the GHZ states with appropriate unitary transformation. According to their own coding, the beginning and the end of GHZ states, they can infer the other’s secret information, so as to achieve quantum dialogue. At last, the security, efficiency and no information leakage of the protocol are analyzed, which shows the feasibility of the scheme.2. Quantum teleportation protocol. In view of the satellite-ground network communica-tions, maximally entangled state as the quantum channel is degraded partially entangled state. And on this basis, we propose a two-way quantum teleportation scheme. Any two network nodes establish a quantum channel via entanglement swapping with partially entangled states. Finally, through using Bell-basis measurement, adding auxiliary, implementing specially de-fined unitary matrices and appropriate Pauli matrices series of operations, the two communica-tion clients can successfully achieve two-way transmission of quantum information tasks with a certain probability.3. Quantum secret sharing protocol. We propose a three-party quantum secret sharing scheme, which uses three-particle entangled states as quantum channel in four-dimensional Hillbert space. In this scheme, each agent can obtain a shadow of the secret key by performing single-particle measurements, and this scheme can resist the eavesdropping attack and entangle-measuring attack. Compared with the existing QSS protocol, the recipient’s operation of the scheme is relatively easy and communication efficient reaches 100% in theory.