The Influence Of Climate Change And Human Activities On The Surface Water Resources In The Upstream Basin Of Zhanghe River

Since twenty century, with the impact of global climate change and increasment of intensive human activities,the water vapor cycle system have a large change.Now,it has been an advanced research hotspot about impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources.Zhanghe River is located in the Shanxi province, Henan province and hebei province,with climate drought and water shortage,which make the river discharg at upstream basin of Zhanghe basin reduces sharply and the contradiction between supply and demand of water is sharpening.upstream basin of Zhanghe River was become one of the nation’s water events contradictions sharp.The paper further study the influence factors of climate change and human activities on surface water resources and the research contents and achievements of this paper is as follows:The paper study the formation of hydrometeorological factors on the upstream basin of reaches of the Zhanghe from 1959 to 2013 by the variation coefficient method, the extreme value analyzed the interannual variability analysis, wavelet analysis, the analysis of periodic, linear fitting, 5 years analyzed the trend analysis, moving average accumulative anomaly, Mann Kendall nonparametric test, sliding t test analysis respectively.The results showed that the annual precipitation has no obvious change and sequence variation points,change period of about 10 years. The change is the same as the water resource change.Runoff interannual variation trend change greater. Annual runoff series on QingZhanghe River, Zhuozhanghe river and zhanghe river are periodic change, change period of about 12~15 years,11 years and 11 years. Annual runoff decreased significantly, the rate of change of orientation between 87.8 miread m3/a and 3071.1 miread m3/a. Annual runoff sequence variation points during 1977 years and 1979 years.The paper study the correlation of meteorological elements and human activities elements(economy, population, water, soil and water conservation, water conservancy project) with the measured runoff on the upstream of Zhanghe River by linear fitting and the power exponential function fitting method.The study indicates that the correlation of rainfall and water resources is far greater than the correlation of rainfall and evaporation,positive correlation between the observed runoff and rainfall, evaporation, and negatively correlated with the measured runoff. The measured runoff was positively related with GDP, gross industrial output value,water loss and soil erosion control area, rural water withdrawals,the population,the rural population,negatively correlated with the rest.The main factors of human activities on water resources are urban life water withdrawals, rural water withdrawals, the rural population, water conservancy project pouring irrigation area and agricultural cultivated land area, GDP, gross industrial output value and agricultural output.The main factor affecting water resources is the human activity. According to the results of cumulative amount of slope comparison method and the method of double mass curve : human activities on water resources was from 74.13% to 91.85% on 9 representative stations of upstream basin of Zhanghe River.