Temporal-spatial Distubution And Diversity Of Bacterial Communities Along Wang Yanggou River

The community diversity, bacterial community composition and temporal changes in the water and sediment samples of Wangyanggou River were studied and the relationship between the water bacterial community structure changes and environmental factors was analyzed. Combined with previous studies using the results of culturing methods, the differences in the study of microbial diversity, bacterial community composition and temporal and spatial variation by three methods were discussed.Environmental factors of Wangyanggou River were investigated in spring, summer and winter of 2013 along the river. p H and temperature changed less. Ammonia nitrogen sites are maintained at a high level except the first sampling site. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus showed an increasing trend. Transparency and dissolved oxygen decreased along river. These environmental factors displayed serious pollution of Wangyanggou River. Along river, water quality continued to deteriorate, which ammonia nitrogen and other nutrient concentrations increased, transparency and dissolved oxygen gradually declined.Eighteen water samples of Wangyanggou River were analyzed by DGGE, clear profiles were achieved on behalf of populations. 25 bands were cloned belonged to 4 phyla, 20 known genera; phylum category included Proteobacteria(60%), Bacteroidetes(28%), Firmicutes(8%) and Fusobacteria(4%). Dominant genus was Arcobacter. By cluster analysis and RDA analysis of DGGE profiles, bacterial community structure in Wangyanggou River showed more obvious seasonal variations, in the same season bacterial community structure was more similar between samples.Eighteen sediment samples of Wangyanggou River were analyses by DGGE, 29 clone sequences belonged to 5 phyla, 23 known genera. Phylum category included: Proteobacteria(62.07%), Bacteroidetes(17.24%), Firmicutes(13.79%), Synergistetes(3.45%) and Spirochaetes(3.45%); The were not more dominant species, similar sequence of the Arcobacter, Cloacibacterium, Hydrogenophag, Rheinheimera, Thiothrix occurred in twoprofiles, the rest of the genus with the sequence bar appeared only once. Changes in the DGGE profiles and location and grayness of strip bitterly reflected changes of water quality.Eighteen water samples of Wangyanggou River were analyses by high-throughput sequencing technology, the results showed that bacterial species of water samples belonged to 40 phyla, 75 classes, 152 orders, 272 families and 551 geniuses; some classified information could not be identified in each taxa. Proteobacteria and Bacterodetes in 17 samples occupied a large proportion, Firmicuteswas also dominate, and in one of the samples become the absolute dominant group; the dominant species between samples in summer were more similar, the dominant species varied between spring and winter samples. CCA showed that dissolved oxygen and p H were the main environmental factors affecting the bacterial community structure, the samples in summer was relatively concentrated, bacterial community structure was similar; the community structure had big difference between the spring samples. Community compositions of some samples changed significantly in response to the water quality.Eighteen sediment samples of Wanganggou River were analyses by high-throughput sequencing technology, the results showed that bacterial species found belonged to 42 phyla, 90 classes, 196 orders, 347 families and 680 genuses; the unclassical information in each taxa was more abundant; in the phyla level, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Chloroflexi in all sediments samples occupied a larger proportion. In the genus level, Acinetobacter became dominant genus in most samples. Bacterial community compositions in some samples changed significantly in response to the water quality.Comparing high-throughput sequencing technology, DGGE method and culture method to study the bacterial community structure and diversity in water and sediment samples of Wangyanggou River, The results showed that high-throughput sequencing technology had better depth and better response to the environment of the true level of bacterial communities than the DGGE method and culture methods; and therefore, it had more advantages by use high-throughput sequencing techniques to study microbial diversity and composition. Accuracy was lest by culture methods analyzing the bacterial community structure diversity and determining the dominant groups...