Comparative Study Of Species Diversity Of Endolichenic Fungi In Two Kinds Of Lichens

A lichen thallus is a eco-system that is comprised by the co-existing nutrition specifiedfungi and photosynthetic organism. About20%of the global fungi is lichenizing, andlichenization is such a successful nutrition strategy that lichen controls over10%globaleco-system which exists widely in the extreme biotic environment such as alp, north pole, southpole and the desert.Lichen is the most simple eco-system, in which the kind and quantity of the endophyticfungi are very large. Traditional endophytic fungi cultivation can only cultivate minor kinds ofendophytic fungi, while90%endophytic fungi can not be insolated cultivated in lab. Thus, it is agreat challenge for people to study the diversity of endophytic fungi. In recent years,high-throughput gradually comes into the scientists’ eyes. Based on PCR high-throughputsequencing technique can simultaneously sequence large samples with the features of economyand high efficiency. What’s more, high-throughput sequencing can not only reflect the structurelevel feature and richness of the community, but also detect the real condition of the innerdistribution of the microorganism and trace microorganism that can not be cultivated in the lab inthe past. Hence, high-throughput has developed into the main modern approach for the diversitystudy of the microorganism.A total of16specimens from Parmelia omphalodes and Umbilicaria loboperipherica fromJilin Province is used in this experiment, and high-throughput sequencing technology is used tosequence ITS2(internal transcribed spacer2), to analyze the a large amount of effectivesequences sequenced by high-throughput, to study the diversity of the endophytic fungicommunity, to analyze and determine the operational taxonomical units(OTUs), then to combinesample of P. omphalodes and U.loboperipherica between groups and groups samples dodiversity Alpha analysis. Heterogeneity of endophytic in U.loboperipherica is higher than P.omphalodes, that is to say, the diversity of U.loboperipherica endophytic fungi is higher thanthat of P. omphalodes endophytic fungi, and U.loboperipherica endophytic fungi distributesuniformly, while P. omphalodes endophytic fungi distributes differently. This reveals that U.loboperipherica has a wider range of endophytic fungi than P. omphalodes under the samecircumstance, and this experiment provides reliable basis for the diversity study of theendophytic fungi.Analyzing two sets of samples’ endophysic fungi community structure at Phylum level,Class level, Order level, we can reach the result that: there are three Phylums, namely,Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota;15Classes, such as Dothideomycetes,Sordariomycetes, Eurotiomycetes;54Orders, such as Chaetothyriales, Capnodiales, Pleosporales,Xylariales and122Families.When using Beta analysis to study analyzing the species and abundance of P. omphalodesand U.loboperipherica, we can see the significant group difference, which indicates that thedifference between endophytic fungi of P. omphalodes and U.loboperipherica perform in thehost differences in the same geographical environment and under same selection pressure.High-throughput sequencing is used in this research for studying the endophytic fungicommunity structure and diversity of P. omphalodes and U.loboperipherica in the full view, itfinds that endophytic fungi diversity of U.loboperipherica is higher than that of P.omphalodes,which shows statistical differences. This reveals that the different host lead to thedifference of endophytic fungi species’ diversity, and this result provides the basis for furtherresearch.