| Kongque River alluvial-proluvial fan area is located in the Kuerle City,Bayinkuolen Mongolia Autonomy State. It is the state’s political, economic andcultural center, important transportation hub and material distribution center ofXinjiang Province as well as China’s important production base of cotton and pear. Itis a typical area whose agriculture is only based on irrigation with strong evaporationand little precipitation. Agriculture has expanded rapidly in the past two decades;therefore, the demand for irrigation water is also growing. In recent years, with thedischarge of the Kongque River greatly reduced, groundwater has become the mainsource of its agriculture irrigation. Currently, due to irrational exploitation ofgroundwater resources, the Kongque River alluvial-proluvial fan area has led to limitlowering of groundwater table, groundwater salinization and other environmentalgeological problems.Based on the project “Research on groundwater resource evaluation and cycleand renewal ability in Kuerle alluvial proluvial plain”,we studied the water and salttransportation and its influence on the groundwater quality in unsaturated zone toprovide scientific basis for the regional water resources utilization and protection.What’s more, the study is of great significance to figure out groundwater salinizationproblems led by long-term exploitation of groundwater in the arid and semi-arid areas.The main results of the study are as follows:1、The study identified the lithology structures characteristics of the unsaturatedzone in the irrigation area of Kongque River alluvial-proluvial fan.2、The influence factors of the water-salt distribution and transport in unsaturatedzone were analyzed, including the lithology structures of the unsaturated zone,groundwater depth, TDS of unconfined water, irrigation methods, TDS of irrigation water, etc.3、Chloride mass accumulation method is used to evaluate the annual infiltrationrecharge of the Kongque River alluvial-proluvial irrigation district. The annualvertical infiltration recharge is181.80-687.58mm/a, accounting for12.37%-28.79%.4、Soil column simulation experiment was carried out in this paper to investigatethe influence of the lithology structures of the unsaturated zone, the irrigation waterquality and method on the water and salt transport. The results showed that theincreasing of TDS was contributed to evaporation and concentration.5、Based on the results of indoor soil column simulated experiment water and salttransport one-dimensional model was built by the Hydrus-1D. We can predictgroundwater quality in different conditions of lithology, irrigation methods andirrigation water quality. The results show that groundwater TDS will increase indifferent conditions and the groundwater quality is influenced largely by highconcentration TDS of irrigation water. |
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