Design Of Lightning Electric Field Measurement And Transmission System

Lightning mainly comes from the accumulation of charge in the cumulonimbus cloud, when the charge accumulated to a certain amount, an enough strong electric field is formed,which can breakdown the atmosphere, then discharge occurred. The long distance discharge can lead to strong current, accompanied by strong electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic field present in the atmosphere in rapid change. With the improvement of the observation methods, these measurement and record of the electric field can be effectively used for the physical mechanism of the lightning utilization. Using observation data of multiple sites,it can precisely locate the lightning channel combined with the timing system.The traditional lightning electric field measurement device separated sensing and acquisition part, transmit analog signal to acquisition terminal through the cable, leading to its poor anti-interference. The use of computers and capture card as reference time makes it of low precision. To solve these problems, this paper puts forward a new lightning electric field measurement system using board structure. Board structure is placed inside the antenna, which realized the high integration of perception and gathering of the electric field. Gathering signal transmitted in digital signal has a strong anti-interference. It combines GPS timing and FPGA counting to record the exact time of lightning. Experimental results show that the system can effectively measure the rapid change process of atmospheric electric field at frequencies up to5MHz, acquisition speed up to20MB/s. The system can capture more sophisticated and accurate lightning electric field data and provide instrumental protection for the study of lightning processes and mechanisms.