The Diversity And Dynamic Study Of Mouse Transcriptomes Based On RNA-seq Data For Multiple Tissues And Identification The House-keeping And Tissue-specific Genes

The differences of gene expression among different cells and tissues in different times and these differences affection on the biological function are the fundamental problems in molecular biology. The diversity and dynamic study of transcriptomes and the identification of house-keeping and tissue-specific genes can help us to understand the process, mechanism and function of cell expression and regulation in gene level. Especially, the house-keeping genes maintained cell’s basic function and the tissue-specific genes determined cell’s specific morphology and physiological function can help us to understand the occurrence and development of life and the individual development.At present, mouse (Mus musculus) is one of the most widely used and the most detailedly studied animal models and the most of mouse genes are homologous to human. RNA is the bridge for the transmitting of genetic information in life. Most of cell regulations are concentrated in the RNA’s synthesis, processing, transport, modification and translation. In this paper, using the advantages of RNA-seq sequencing technology in the sequencing depth and resolution, we studied the gene expression and regulation of15important mouse tissues intranscriptome level. By identification,8408house-keeping (HK) genes and2581tissue-specific (TS) genes were obtained and we studied their expression distribution and functional characteristics. Compared with human homologous genes, we found that6,360mouse HK genes are also human HK genes. Based on the expression level of mouse HK genes in different tissues, we found that some traditional HK genes with constant high expression are expressed variably in mouse tissues, such as Gapdh and Ubc. In143newly identified HK genes with constant expression, five genes, Grcc10, Ywhae, Nedd8, Eif4h and Rnf187, can be used as reference genes in experiments. According to the analysis of canonical pathways, HK genes enriched in the498canonical pathways, including292significantly enriched pathways and252pathways which have more than50%HK genes in total genes. Some pathways are necessary to maintain the basic function of cells, like protein ubiquitination which was involved in almost all regulation of life activities, such as cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metastasis, gene expression, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, damage repair, inflammation and immunity. In TS genes, testis and brain have the highest and the second highest TS genes, which were57.2%and20.1%of the total TS genes. By studying the gene function and metabolism pathway of TS genes, we found that some TS genes are closely related with their tissue-specific functions. For example, the TS genes in testis are enriched in in the pathways related with reproduction and development, such as spermatogenesis; similarly, the TS genes in brain are enriched in erve conduction related functions, such as neurotransmission, synaptic transmission and inhibitory postsynaptic currents. In this paper, by mining and comparison the transcriptome data of15mouse tissues, we further confirmed and enriched the mouse HK genes and TS genes, and this study provided the basic information for understanding the diversity and dynamic of the transcriptome.