Analysis On Spatial Distribution Pattern Of Tundra Dominant Plants In Alpine Tundra

The Alpine tundra of Changbai Mountain is the most typical tundra landscape of our country,it has great geographical and ecological value,under the background of global warming,in response to the sensitive area of climate change,the research on dominant plants spatial distribution pattern of Alpine tundra,on hand,will be the basis factor of better understanding the tundra ecosystem response to climate change,on the other hand,also has great ecological significance on protecting Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve.According to the current situation of tundra plants change in recent years,I put forward below hypotheses:(1) Dominant plant is the most adaptive species in natural selection and and has the indicative function in environment change.(2) Different dominant plants spatial distribution pattern reflect different scale habitat characteristics.Some can reflect large scale(entire) habitat characteristics,some can reflect small scale(partial)habitat characteristics.(3) Different dominant plants spatial distribution pattern are effected by different physical geographical elements.In order to verify the above hypotheses through data analysis,establish a sample area of 1650 m ×100 m at the altitude between 2046m-2270 m, select the Changbai tundra dominant plants as the research object,be well-proportioned to choose 132 1m ×1m controllable small sample plots.After the investigation and sampling,we got below results:(1) Dominant plant is the most adaptive species in natural selection and and has the indicative function in environment change.The research in a fixed sample plot showed that there are 78 kinds of plants belonging to 22 families,the spatial distribution pattern of 8 kinds of dominant plants are all aggregated distribution.(2) Different dominant plants spatial distribution pattern reflect different scale habitat characteristics.The dominant plants like Rhododendron aureum Georgi, Saussurea tomentosa,Vaccinium uliginosum Linn can reflect large scale(entire) habitat characteristics.The dominant plants like Ligularia jamesii,Geranium dahuricum DC. Var reflect small scale(partial) habitat characteristics.The aggregation of dominant plants vary with different physical geographical elements.(3) No obvious interspecific association of dominant plants can be seen in this study,more positive association than negative association in terms of the quantity. For species the requirements of resource and habitat characteristics are basically same.Rhododendron aureum Georgi and Vaccinium uliginosum Linn are the common species in Changbai Mountain tundra.They showed positive association.Rhododendron aureum Georgi showed obvious negative association to Deyeuxia angustifolia,Ligularia jamesii, Sanguisorba.sitchensis C.A.mey which means mutual exclusion.Vaccinium uliginosum Linn showed not obvious association to Ligularia jamesii and Sanguisorba.sitchensis C.A.mey though they had been through λ ~ 2 discrepancy test,but association coefficient(AC) and percentage co ocurrence(PC) explained they have negative association.(4) Different dominant plants spatial distribution pattern are effected by different physical geographical elements.Soil Organic Matter,available P, available N has great effect on the spatial distribution pattern of Rhododendron aureum Georgi;Soil Organic Matter,available N has great effect on the spatial distribution pattern of Sanguisorba parciflora and Sanguisorba.sitchensis C.A.mey; The Organic Matter has great effect on the spatial distribution pattern of Ligularia jamesii;Soil available P,accumulated temperature,slope has great effect on the spatial distribution pattern of Geranium dahuricum DC. Var;Available P,slope has great effect on the spatial distribution pattern of Vaccinium uliginosum Linn;Available P,slope has great effect on the spatial distribution pattern of Deyeuxia angustifolia.