| In recent years, the rapid advance of urbanization and industrialization in China, the issue ofland for construction of farmland have become increasingly prominent, the impending population peak and continuous improvement of people’s living standards so that "still abide by the 18 million mu of arable land red line unshakable" pressure faced diminished. Meanwhile, the population continues to grow, steady economic development and further increase the demand for arable land,increasingly sharp contradiction between people, based on limited arable land resources to ensure national food needed to become a problem. Paddy production and the development of strategic significance for increasing food production, increase national food supply. Northeast region(Northeast) of arable land reclamation from south to north, constantly moving from west to east,paddy cultivation gradually expanded the scope of, the total cultivated area almost exponentially.Heilongjiang Province, where arable land reclamation from the Songnen Plain constantly promote the Sanjiang Plain, paddy fields continue to expand the scope of reclamation, continued to increase the total cultivated area. Based in Northeast paddy cultivation in the country’s typical, its rapid characterization of the nation’s arable land paddy cultivation of paddy of course accelerating trend.Located in the northeast corner of the Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province, in recent years, a large area of wetlands, woodlands, grasslands and other natural landscapes are reclamation of arable landscape, the former "Wilderness" has become today’s "North Wharf", a national commodity grain base. Especially since the 21 century, the central gradually introduced a series of benefiting the agriculture policy, adopted a series of concrete measures to promote Heilongjiang Province agricultural development in the region, making the area reclamation rate further improved, continue to adjust planting structure, the rapid expansion of paddy field area, overall grain production capacity and significantly improve commercialization, while the area of cultivated land resources temporal distribution patterns changed significantly. Thus the Sanjiang Plain, "the natural landscape of arable farmland landscape of paddy fields" of farmland landscape pattern is typical and representative transformation in the country in the process of paddy.In this paper, a national commodity grain base- Sanjiang Plain north of the study area, the natural ecosystem of farmland, farmland ecosystems typical of paddy land conversion features and the integration of landscape pattern. On this basis, the building process of landscape evolution of paddy cultivated land, has important theoretical and practical significance.At the same time, the review process of paddy cultivation, based on the analysis of the process of paddy farmland landscape changes of the spatial distribution of different periods and different, proven future trendof landscape spatial distribution pattern and improve the allocation of resources for farmland development process paddy field in the Sanjiang Plain to carry out the construction of a high standard of basic farmland to provide a basis to provide a reference for the development of farmland in Heilongjiang Province development Plan.In this paper, "Sanjiang Plain north of the natural landscape of arable land, arable landscape of paddy paddy field of process" as a clue to the "farmland landscape" as a starting point, at home and abroad to fully draw on the basis of the research results, the use of landscape ecology, arable land resource optimization theory, theory of sustainable use of land resources, according to the Sanjiang Plain, north of cultivated land use vector data, using the standard method, select the typical landscape index, describing the process of paddy cultivated land reclamation process, a clear pattern of farmland landscape evolution,articulate regional and spatial distribution contrast agricultural areas, reclamation pattern differences, explore the drivers of regional farmland landscape evolution. Details are as follows.(1)Paddy cultivated land reclamation process in the course of study In the northern part of the Sanjiang Plain, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2013 four cultivated land use vector data, statistical each lasting a total area of arable land, water calculate the proportion of land area and land use dynamics of the model is described by the rate of change of arable land, the extent of paddy land use model depicts the development trend. The main contents include the following three aspects: the number of characteristics of paddy cultivated land change analysis of the process; the process of paddy farmland flow characteristic analysis; relative rate of change of the spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land.(2) Research paddy farmland landscape features Process,In the paddy fields of the trend,using standard methods, selecting typical landscape indices from the region as well as local "component features of farmland," "space allocation feature," "plaque evolution" Deep and step by step analysis of the three levels of paddy process variation pattern, the main analytical perspective as follows: landscape components characteristic of Sanjiang Plain north of arable paddy fields of process; the process of paddy field in the Sanjiang Plain in northern farmland landscape characteristics of spatial configuration; paddy fields in the northern part of the process of arable land in the Sanjiang Plain evolution of landscape patch analysis.(3)Farmland landscape analysis of the drivers of the process of paddy,Paddy expansion of arable land reclamation rate increase, change of farmland in paddy fields, dry composition structure, making the spatial distribution of farmland landscape presents new features. China is changing the landscape of this unique farmland driving factors are very important, this paper mainly be attributed to the following aspects: 1) Promoting policies to promote the role of arable farmland in the Sanjiang Plain in northern area continued to expand; 2) "Agricultural zone" and "Reclamation " mode of operation leads to arable farmland different patterns of differentiation; 3)Further affect different Agricultural Modernization " agricultural area " and " reclamation " of arable land space form; 4) Restrict water supply makes the paddy blowout diffusion and gradually extended to the entire region posture; 5) The role of market-oriented economy to promote furtherexpansion of paddy pattern. |
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