Study Of Universal Geological Disaster Warning Data Acquisition Device

China is a country in the world which serious suffered by the affect of geological disasters losses. Gelogical disasters such as landslide and debris flow cause a serious threat to the economic and social development. While the geological disasters early warning system can be used as a predictable and timely discover of geological disasters monitoring method. It has important significance to reduce of casualties, property loss and disaster rescue actions. A set of universal data acquisition device based on the background of geological disaster warning is introduced in this paper. It can be used to collect environmental data of geological disasters, such as rainfall, mud level and infrasonic. And provide these field data for early warning software, to ensure the reliability and accuracy of prediction and decision. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows:(1) The structure design. According to the special environmental of monitoring site, the data acquisition device is composed of two parts to accomplish the data collection. It includes the data acquisition node and the border router node. Data acquisition node is responsible for data collection, processing and upload task in the geological disaster field. And border router node is responsible for the task of routing and forwarding data in the wireless sensor network to external cable network.(2) The hardware design. The hardware circuits are designed according to the functions requirement of data acquisition, network communication, power management and debugging. The Tiva C series ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller is set as the main control unit of the nodes. And the digital and analog data acquisition circuit, wireless and wired communication interface, power management circuit, JTAG and serial debugging interface and some other external modules are extended as part of the node.(3) The basic software design. In order to realize the basic data acquisition, processing, transmission and other functions in the software design. The hardware driver programs, data acquisition and processing programs, thread organization and scheduling programs are designed in the Contiki operating system. All of the programs are firstly designed in the Linux development environment, then generate the executable file by cross compiler tool. And finaly run in the nodes’ microcontrollers.(4) The data transmission program design. The 6Lo WPAN protocol is used in the communication in the wireless sensornetwork. Each node is configured with its unique IPv6 address, and runs TCP/IP, MQTT and Co AP communication protocol of application layer to achieve data upload function. The cloud server will receive the data through the same communication protocol and store them to the database. Depend with the features of IPv6 protocol, this wireless sensor network has less demand for the data aggregation function. And the boreder router node is set as the bridge to achieve the end-to-end access function between the external cable network and wireless sensor network.(5) The experimental test. On the basis of the completion of the system software and hardware design and implementation. The data acquisition device is tested in laboratory, it’s basic data acquisition, processing and transmission functions are verified. And then set the device as a part of the debris flow warning system, get the test of the field environment. The whole device can meet the requirements of the original design, and achieves a variety of functions it should prossess.The geological disaster warning data acquisition device can provide stable, reliable field data for early warning system, to ensure the accurate judgement and decision making. It can provide more real time and historical information of geographical environment for the impending happen or happening geological disasters, as the scientific basis for the evacuation and rescue actions.