The Common Types Of Landslides Of Coal Mining Area In Central Shanxi Province

With the rapid development of economy and the exploration of mineral resources, the exploration in Shanxi is unprecedented, Shanxi located in the east part of Loess Plateau, which has a fragile geological environment. With the exploration of mineral resources, especially in mining exploration, there are many geo-disasters such as landslides, collapse and mud flow. In particular, landslides are dominant and extremely important. In recent years, research and analysis were collected from some typical geo-disasters result from mining activities. But little for the classification of landslide hazard of coal mining areas.Through field investigation of landslide hazards, engineering practices, and data collection, firstly, the geological environment of mining areas has been systematically analyzed. Secondly, in accordance with the topography, hydrogeological, geological structure, geotechnical combination and human engineering activities and other conditions, the mine landslides have been systematically studied. According to their failure mode, characteristics of rock combination, feature of deformation, landslides are divided into six common:(1) Bedrock surface along the passage-loess landslide sliding type:Main landslide slip surface is located at the contact surface with loess bedrock, bedrock orientation and slope aspect are basically the same. Landslide materials show diversity and good permeability, the permeability of lower bedrock is poor, low-lying areas in the loess and the contact surface of the bedrock surface become a good place for rainfall storage, which often sliding in the rainy season. (2) Creep-extruded loess landslides:Landslides move along the top surface of the red clay, slippery bed is red clay with hard plastic cracks, the occurrence of red clay and the underlying bedrock is gentle, soil and slope aspect are in the same tendency. On the top of the sliding surface are mostly relatively impermeable silty clay layers. The middle section of the main body slides slowly under the gravity and push the leading edge of the red clay cut.(3) Flooding slippery loess landslides:Landslides generally exist in low mountain areas where erosion intensely, slippery bed is highly weathered soils with high dry strength, and easy to be destroyed in water, making it vulnerable to be the water-rich places, and cause landslides along the bedrock surface with quick speed.(4) Fell along the bedrock surface-sliding type loess landslides:Growth of landslides depends on the attitude of the bedrock, the upper part of the landslide is loose loess, while underlain by sandstone or shale which occurrence is nearly horizontal, steep slopes, the back wall of landslides forms scarps, it is easy to form a landslide in the case of an earthquake or heavy rain.(5) Coal seam spontaneous overturning-crack slip-type rock landslide: Landslide growth controlled by tectonic joint surface, along weak structural plane(coal line)slip-rifting destroy is the main stress. Upper rocks in the tension stress produce significant unloading tensile cracks, at the same time controlled by weak plans, show slope slumping and collapsing phenomenon. Because of the slope in the formation during the expansion of the invading rebound direction, so that the overlying rock fragmentation, and to the direction of free surface occurred collapsed.(6) By creeping control joints-rifting type rock landslide:Landslides exist in low mountain areas where erosion intensely. Fissures in the slope are well developed and connected, weak structural planes are formed result from the action of water, under the gravity they slide along the plane of weakness. Finally, measures are proposed aimed to the six types of landslide following the scientific methods.