Mporal Behavior In The X-ray Radiation

In the first chapter of the thesis outlines the observational and theoretical progress of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in recent years, and then focuses on a number of analytical studies during my graduate study for GRB observations.Swift has detected amount of GRBs. We analyze the data from its observation to reveal the entire internal energy dissipation process. We will use all burst triggered by BAT as a sample, extracting their lightcurves and utilizing the Bayesian Block algorithm to analyze their temporal behavior found that10percent of the GRB has precursor component, of which44%failed to trigger the instrument. There is no significant evidence to support that short burst will have the same component. The flux ratio between precursor and main burst is concentrated in0.2, and the precursor time scale is shorter than main burst. We also found that36bursts have significant extended emission. After extraction of its spectral data, the fitting result show that precursor seems have the same origin as main burst but not the soft extended emission. Combined XRT afterglow observations we found that some bursts’prompt emission observed by BAT has a long quiet period. But still found the soft X-ray region has a strong radiation simultaneously, which means the central engine is still active in the quite phase. X-ray flare is generally considered to be caused by the central engine activity. Treating X-ray flare as a center engine active timescale and taking into account the factors above, we conclude that the GRB timescale will be much larger than the T90, the burst will begin even before the trigger time. Therefore, the future gamma-ray burst detection equipment needs to improve trigger strategy, may be more effective in the soft X-ray band.Besides, we found some special bursts with violent X-ray flare activity in our analysis. For such bursts we select GRB121027A as a sample for analysis. The results show that the violent activities of late X-ray flares are more energetic than the prompt emission for an order of magnitude. They also share the same Liso-Ep relation and Γ-Liso relation, which means that both of them have the same radiation mechanism.Fast radio burst is a newly discovered transient. Combined with the transient, GRBs as we know, we compare Fast Radio Bursts, super-short GRBs and nearby galaxies to find the possible association. The results of the angular correlation function analysis at current stage indicate that they may both originate from nearby galaxies. Work on that part will be further improved.