Research On The Species Resources Of Poisonous Mushroom In Mount Tai

Poisonous mushroom is a kind of large fungi that can cause poisoning or death after eated by humans and animals. It is not a natural taxon in fungi profession, but because of the common characteristics of humans and animals caused by eating toxic reactions thought to be classified as a class, is a large special fungi taxa. By research on the species of poisonous mushroom resources, the result showed that there are abundant natural resources in the nature reserve of Mount Tai, including a lot of poisonous mushroom widely distributed, There are some poisonous mushroom groups distributed all over the country, and some specific species in this area.The research provide important scientific reference for the protection and utilization of poisonous mushrooml resources in Mount Tai.1.We made an investigation of large fungi in the area of Mount Tai including Yaohuayuan, Zhulinsi, Puzhaosi, Zhongtianmen, Houshiwu, Forest farm of Culai, Forest park of yaoxiang, and collected457large fungal specimens which contain126poisonous mushroom from August2012to September2013. By traditional methods and a combination of molecular biology, we identified43large toadstool belonging to5classes,6orders,16families. Only four kinds are Ascomycota, the rest are Basidiomycetes, there are19kinds of new recorded species in Shandong Province, and a kind of new species of Amanita Section.2.There is1species of Leotiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes;1species of Helvellaceae and1species of Pyronemataceae, Pezizales, Pezizomycetes;1species of Xylariaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes;1species of Agaricaceae,13species of Amanitaceae,5species of Inocybaceae,1species of Strophariaceae,1species of Tapinellaceae and2species of Tricholomataceae,Agaricales;4species of Boletaceae,1species of Gyroporacea,1species of Suillaceae, Boletales;,3species of Russulaceae, Russulales;4species of Phallaceae, Phallaes,Agaricomycetes in these43species large toadstool.3.We discovered a new species of Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota, Amanita yaoxiangsis.19new recorded species in Shandong province, Otidea onotica (Pers.) Fuckel., Coprinus silvaticus Peck., Amanita caesarea (Scop.) Pers., Amanita chepangiana Tulloss&Bhandary., Amanita fulva Fr., Amanita ovoidea (Bull.) Link., Amanita pachycolea D.E. Stuntz., Amanita spissa (Fr.) P. Kumm., Amanita spissacea S.Imai., Amanita verna (Fr.) Bertill., Inocybe radiata Peck., Inocybe repanda (Bull.:Fr.) Bres., Inocybe rimosa (Bull.:Fr.) Quel., Naematoloma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Karst., Clitocybe geotropa (Bull.) Quel., Boletuspseudocalopus Hongo., Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quel., Lysurus mokusin f. sinensis (Lloyd) Kobayasi., Mutinus bambusinus (Zoll) E. Fischer.4.Classification by poisoning type, there are15kinds of gastroenteritis type;10kinds of neuropsychiatric type;10kinds of liver damage type,4kinds of hemolytic type,2kinds of respiratory failure type, there is no kind belongs to allergic dermatitis type in these43kinds of large toadstool.5.The poisonous mushroom distribution of species and quantity varied from one region to another in Mount Tai. There are7kinds distributed widely, A. vaginata, A. oberwinklerana, A. pallidorosea, R. densifolia, T. felleus, G castaneus, P. rubicundus; There are4endemic species in Taohuanyuan, L. lubrica, A. oberwinklerana, R. foetens, L. mokusin f. sinensis;4endemic species in Zhulinsi,A. caesarea, A. chepangiana, A. virosa, I. radiata;1endemic species in Puzhaosi, A. ovoidea-,3endemic species in Zhongtianmen, Coprinus micaceus, A. spissacea, R. emetica;1endemic species in Houshiwu, Helvella elastica;3endemic species in Forest farm of Culai, C. atramentarius, Tapinella atrotomentosa, Phallus impudicus;6endemic species in Forest park of yaoxiang, Daldinia concentrica, A. fulva, A. yaoxiangsis, I. repanda, I. rimosa, Mutinus bambusinus.6.There are11species growth at an altitude of300-400m,10species growth at an altitude of400-500m,6species growth at an altitude of500-600m,24species growth at an altitude of600-700m,2species Growth at an altitude above700m..7.There are15species belonging to mycorrhizal fungi;13species can be used for medicine; A. spissa, A. spissacea and A. verna with insecticidal activity can be used to exploit botanical insecticide.