Study On Regional Coverage And Target Location Based On Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network integrates sensor techniques, embedded computations, distributed information processing and wireless communication techniques.It has a wide prospect in military and civilian fields, and becomes a hotspot in academic world. WSN can fulfill the needs such as the real-time monitoring, sensing, and acquiring the information of target, as well as, dealing with and transmitting the data to the users.Based on wireless sensor networks, an in-depth study on regional coverage control and target tracking algorithm have been introduced in this thesis to solve the following questions:Firstly, sensor nodes in WSN are usually distributed randomly and densely. The crossover might appear among sensing ranges of nodes which cause the appearances of redundant nodes and increase the energy consumption of the network inevitably. It will pose the serious threat to the sensor node which has limited power capacity. Based on interactive genetic algorithm (IGA),an improved genetic algorithm, including elite strategy (ES) and fitness calibration(FC) methods, is proposed. In order to turn the redundant nodes into the dormant state, regional discrete model, working nodes model, monitoring regional coverage model and overall objective function are established, which can help to save energy consumption effectively. The simulation shows that the life expectancy of the networks can be extended obviously.Secondly, the purpose of monitoring network is to monitor and control the region that is covered. Therefore, the common rules of target's movement are taken into consideration adequately to design an algorithm for random motion. At the same time, distance detection algorithm and tracking algorithm are designed to monitor the target in the inspective field. Furthermore, the reasons why the blind points appear in the monitoring region are analyzed, and feasible plans are provided to solve the problems.Finally, Micaz developer's kit, Mote-View software and Matlab software are used to validate the algorithm. The results show that it not only offers an optimal regional coverage programming but also reduces the overall energy consumption and extends the networks' survival time.The error of detecting and tracking meets the precision requirements as well.