The Security Research Of Low-Cost RFID System

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has been appeared for a long time, which gains its popularity in a broad region such as automated identification and logistics supply chain applications, identification, entrance guard, electronic tickets, traffic etc. in recent years. While the development inspiring, the security problem has become an important factor to restrict RFID large-scale application.To address these security concerns,different solutions have been proposed and discussed. Some of these are based on cryptography,which is also the object of this paper. At present the main problem about encryption in low-cost RFID systems is not the strength of the algorithms,but due to constraints whether it is possible and feasible. The number of the gates which used to computation and operation in tags are limited. Thereby,it is hard to design a low-cost RFID system with enough security protection.In this paper, for the RFID system's security status, an improved protocol is developed by analyzing of existed security protocols based on cryptographic techniques. It is better than some other protocols in security and efficiency after the comparisons with some normal RFID security protocols. This paper also shows that the United States department of defense (DoD) tag data encoding standard which meets the requirements of electronic product code global (EPC global).We have proposed two new lightweight encryption algorithms named LEA and XLEA applied on the EPC. According to block cipher design principles, they are designed based on the DES algorithm framework. The core components S-boxes are redesigned by the non-linear principle, and the security performance of S-boxes is proved through the analysis of probability and statistics. Then two kinds of algorithms are implemented on FPGA using Verilog-HDL language abided by top-down design rules, furthermore, their functions are verified and their performance are analysed. The total designs can basically meet the data security require such as confidentiality, integrity and availability in the low-cost RFID system.The research has good theoretical and practical meaning on today's technical conditions.