Research Of Localization Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a novel technology on acquiring and processing data information, which integrates sensor techniques, embedded computation, low-power electronic techniques and wireless communication technology. WSN has broad application prospects in medical and health, environmental monitoring and military areas etc. Node localization is the premise and basis of many applications in sensor networks such as target acquisition and tracking, which is also one of the hot issues in the study of WSN.This thesis focuses on the problem of self-localization in WSN and makes thorough discussion and research on it. The concrete is as follows:1. Range-free localization algorithms and technology are discussed thoroughly. The principles and performance of several representative range-free localization approaches are studied and compared in detail.2. Node localization in wireless sensor networks is treated as a functional dual of target tracking from a novel perspective in the dissertation. Gauss-Markov Moving Model has been applied to the localization of nodes in WSN. The mobile nodes equipped with global positioning system (GPS) move around in WSN, and periodly broadcast the beacon messages, all these virtual beacons are introduced to realize nodes localization assistantly. At the same time, an acoustic-energy decrease model is introduced in the paper, which could reflect the distance information between nodes. In the paper, A MVB-AL localization algorithm is proposed based on hyper-sphere intersection mechanism. The simulation results show that it has better positioning accuracy and greater coverage rate compared with centroid algorithm and weighted centroid algorithm.3. On the basis of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee standards and SoC technology, this thesis selects CC2430 as a microcontroller and RF chip and designs the hardware platform of the nodes. The thesis describes the overall design idea in detail as well as the circuit design process of sub-modules, which lays a foundation for further work.Finally, this article summarizes the work that is done, and looks into the future prospect of work.