Fabrication Of The Optical Waveguide In Glass By Using Femtosecond Pulse Laser

Femtosecond laser micromaching have many advantages, such as high precision, low damage threshold and it enables fabrication of true three-dimensional (3D) microstructures, which showes unique advantages over the traditional laser micromaching technology.First we reviewed the history of ultra-short pulse laser technology, outlined the features of femtosecond laser and the development and application of femtosecond laser technology. Then, we introduced several basic theories, such as the mechanisms of the interactions of femtosecond laser with glass, heat accumulation effect,refractive index change and nonlinear absorption. We analysed the similarities and differences between normal waveguides and photonic crystal waveguides, and focused on the transfer property of photonic crystal waveguides. Next we centred on discussing femtosecond laser direct writing optical waveguides, and fabricated pearl-chain waveguide in glass used the femtosecond laser in our lab based on heat accumulation effect, took a test on mode transmission of the direct writing optical waveguide with He-Ne laser which wavelength is 632.8nm. Finally, morphology analysis of optical waveguides is taken with a metallurgical microscope. The properties, mechanisms and structures of optical waveguides fabricated with femtosecond laser are analyzed and discussed. The experimental results are accorded with the oretical analysis.