Video Watermark Embedding In P-Frames For H.264

The advent of digital television,the appearance of digital versatile disks(DVI),and the transfer of video files over the internet demonstrate the importance of digital video. Despite the success of MPEG-2 in the video coding industry,a new standard,H.264,with higher compression efficiency,is poised to replace it.As H.264 digital video becomes more prevalent,the industry will need copyright protection and authentication methods that are appropriate for it.In this thesis we have implemented a new video watermarking method for H.264 video coding standard.Our proposed method embeds the watermark in P-frames instead of I-frames for the previous video watermarking methods.But embedding a watermark signal in P-frames increase significantly the video bit rate,thus,to control the increase in video bit rate,our proposed watermarking algorithm only embeds the watermark in nonzero quantized ac residuals in P-frames.Further,a generic watermarking framework has been designed and implemented in order to provide a simple interface for easy implementation of particular watermarking methods.We found that the P-frame watermarking scheme has the attractive feature that it does not reduce the compression ratio.At the same time the overheads due to the algorithm are minimal and the watermark can be completely recovered.On comparison with the original video,no visual distortions could be observed for the P-frame watermarked video.Thus,the watermarking algorithms could be used to secure video distribution.Our proposed method has undergone several simulation tests in order to check up its robustness against various attacks compare to the literature video watermarking methods.The simulation results showed;first,the number of nonzero quantized ac residuals in each frame resembles the motion intensity plots in different video sequences.Second,the bit rate increase per watermark bit of our algorithm is significantly smaller than the previous compressed-domain video watermarking algorithms when embedding the watermark in both I-and P-frames.