Study On Ion Exchange Glass Planner Waveguide

While Broadband, high-capacity, high-transmission optical communication network has a higher demand about optoelectronic devices, the integrated optical waveguide devices meet the needs. Ion-exchange is an important technology in fabricating planar waveguides,with small transmission loss , simple and low cost.This thesis was completed in three aspects: ion exchange theory; optimization of intersection waveguide devices; the experimental process and waveguide analysis.Firstly, introducing ion exchange theory and providing two methods for ion exchange optical waveguide fabrication. Then discussing the change of glass parameters caused by ion exchange process. Establishing the ion exchange model and calculating one-dimensional diffusion equation.Secondly, study the specific experimental process. Focusing on the materials and experimental conditions, including glasses, doping ion source, temperature and so on. Determining the parameters of the process through a lot of experiments. Introducing the ion exchange experimental equipments and planner waveguide test equipments.Then, crossed waveguides is an important essential unit in integrated optics. The Pade operators are applied to wide-angle multi-step finite difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM). The crosstalk and loss of crossed waveguide units are concerning with angle and the shape of the node. Discussing the influence of intersecting angles to the output optical power and crosstalk. Then analyzing and design S-bend waveguides; Optimizing the intersection region at some waveguides parameters.Finally, planar optical waveguides were fabricated by Ag⁺-Na⁺ and K⁺-Na⁺ mixed salts. Experiments were conducted at different mixed concentration proportion and different diffusion time. The waveguides with the certain maximal refractive index nmax , index difference△n and diffusion depth could be fabricated in the control of mixed concentration proportion and diffusion time. It was proved by subsequent experiments with the errors range of△n is the level of 10^-2 and the diffusion depth is 3μm.