Studies On Biodegradation Mechanism And Conservation Of The Gaogouli's Historic Stone

This article is composed of three parts.The first part briefly introduces the category of the stone cultural heritage;Secondly the article overviews the main factors that affect the weathering of the stone cultural heritage and the efflorescence mechanism of Gaogouli's Stone cultural heritage. At last,it covers the protection method research of Gaogouli's Stone cultural heritage.The first part briefly introduces the category of the stone culturalheritage ,bascially there are three Categories--stone work of art,ancientstone buildings and Stone implement,which includes the classification,the structure of Stone cultural heritage,types of the Lithical caking and so on .The second part overviews the main factors that affect the weathering of the Gaogouli's stone cultural heritage ,which include the interior and the external factors. The interior factors are the elements of stone, structure, porosimeter and the Lithical caking.The external factors are temperature, humidity, noxious gas,rainfall amount,transpiration rate, plants, microoraganism and so on.Based on this analysis,we can get to know different efflorescence of historic stones (physical weathering, chemical weathering and biological weathering) and the efflorescence mechanism. Gaogouli's Stone cultural heritage locates besides continuous hills, the Yalu River and the Tonggou river, where maintains high humidity throughout the year, even under the condition of -17℃the relative humidity still can reach to 80%, therefore it is called"Jiangnan of North of Great Wall",so the biological effect is extremely serious,which includes the plant,the microorganism, especially the lichen and the fungus.Biological effect has badly changed the original condition of these Stone cultural heritage,the biological secretion created by these living creature also can destory the stone.In order to prevent and control the serious biological weathering,for the first time ,we collect these lichen and the fungus from different position on the surface of these Stone, and conduct relevant research, which have provided the foundation for effective protection .The third part is based on former theoretical research ,we choose one low poisonous disinfectant for these stone covered by the mess,the lichen,the fungus category and the microorganism .Owing to the sound performance of organosilicon WD-10 such as good tensity ,being colerless transparent and being able to release the internal water but also prevent the stone from rain, noxious gas and the microorganism,it is applied in the process of protection along with 2% disinfectant .And it turn out to be satisfactory .With regard to multitudinous Gaogouli's ancient stone grave ,we choose colorless transparents,permeable polypropylene diethylene glyclol dinitra along with 0.02% disinfectant .And it also turn out to be satisfactory .The X-diffraction analysis of weathering stone and biological research have provided scientific documents for the conservation of Gaogouli's Stone cultural heritage,and this work shoud be helpful for the conservation of stone cultural heritage ,especially for these areas with high humidity and serious biological weathering.