Analysis And Design On The Algorithms Of Automatic Fingerprint Identification

Accurate, secure and practical personal identification methods are highly required with the development of the social and economy. The traditional personal identification methods based on token or password has the faults that it is prone to being lost, forgotten, copied and stolen. Biometrics based on the physiological or behavior characteristic identification provides a convenient and reliable scheme.Among the numerous biometrics, more attentions have been paid to the fingerprint identification technology due to its convenience, high accuracy and low cost. The technique of fingerprint identification has become one of the widest used biometric identification techniques. It has been widely used in electronic commerce, criminal identification, information safety etc. The automatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS) is a synthetic system that integrates photoelectric technique, image process, computer and network, database technique and pattern identification technique. It commonly includes fingerprint image collection, fingerprint image process, minutiae extraction, minutiae matching etc.In this paper, several steps of fingerprint identification such as preprocessing, classification, minutiae extraction, match and identification are analyses and researches. Several algorithms are amended to increase the efficiency and accuracy of fingerprint identification.The technology of orientation map is the most popular technology of the process of fingerprint identification. Fingerprint orientation map is factual, gradually changed and abstract. It can reflect the most basic appearance feature in a visual and simple form. So fingerprint orientation map has important research value in automatic fingerprint identification algorithm. In this paper, algorithms of orientation map are compared and analyzed. Orientation map is figured out with the method of ridge-valley. The algorithm of binarization is designed based of orientation map. Orientation map have the characteristic of texture and direction. The algorithm of binarization combined with orientation map can make the binary image to be consecutive, smooth and demarcate the ridge line and valley line. This algorithm can conquer the defect of the binarization algorithm based on threshold value, which is easy to add noise and easy to lose feature information.Because inevitable noise existing in the process of fingerprint processing, and finger itself also has noise. So there are many fake minutiae in the process of minutiae extraction. In this paper, the reason of why fake minutiae come out is analyzed. The direction information is used to process the minutiae. Because of the directivity of fingerprint image, use orientation map to delete the fake minutiae can guarantee the minutiae to be actual and effective.Fingerprint classification can abate the time of fingerprint matching. So it can raise the efficiency of fingerprint identification. For the singularity point might me lost, the classification algorithm is improved to classify the fingerprint image accurately. The algorithm of fingerprint matching based on point mode is used to match the fingerprint and accomplish personal identification.