Research On Correlation Interferometer Of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radiometer

Microwave Radiometer is a passive microwave measurement device. It passively receives the random noise radiated by the objects and environment. Compared with the active microwave remote sensing, microwave radiometer has the virtues of small volume,little weight,low power consumption and low lost. Microwave radiometer can work on all-time and all-weather. The microwave radiometer is widely used. But traditionary microwave radiometer has low spatial resolution. Increasing the size of antenna can improve the spatial resolution of the microwave radiometer, whereas bring the difficulties in antenna design and scan imaging.Using small antenna array instead of large antenna is synthetic aperture microwave radiometer, it resolve the problem of weight and volume, so as the difficulty of scan imaging, brought by large size real aperture antenna. And it is widely used in astronomical observation,global remote sensing and the detecting of military objects. With the improvement of application requirement, the synthetic aperture microwave radiometer is expected to work with shorter wavelength, easier front end and digital related scheme. For all of above, and basing on the present research state, the paper introduces the theory of synthetic aperture microwave radiometer, then analyze the design method of correlation interferometer and research on related theory and techniques. The contents include:1. Demonstrated the improvements and trends of synthetic aperture microwave radiometer in recent years.2. Deduced and analyzed the theory of one dimension synthetic aperture microwave radiometer.3. Introduced various structures and key techniques of correlation interferometer, which include separated local oscillators technique, digital correlation technique. Demonstrated and simulated the advantages of double band technique in interference measurement.4. Analyzed the narrow band random signals in detail, and present the design method of parameters of 8mm correlation interferometer.5. Designed a simple 8mm double band correlation interferometer which is based on digital correlation, and test the components and single channel system. The measurement results prove that the scheme is feasibility.