Research On Self-localization Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), which is made by Micro-Electro-Mechanism system, system on chip and wireless communication technologies, is a novel technology about acquiring and processing data information. WSN can be found applications with great foreground and dominance in many fields, such as environment, health, family, military, space exploration, disaster prevention and so on. As a new kingdom of computer science, WSN brings a great many challenging issues for researchers.In most applications, it is meaningless not to provide node location at which sensor readings originate. In order to identify a target's position when tracking, it is necessary to determine a node's location within its environment to show where some events occur. Due to great limitation of choosing the hardware on battery-powered micro sensor node, power efficiency is a desirable characteristic when designing a network protocol. Moreover, manual deployment or all the nodes equipped with a global positioning system is limited by cost, power consumption and expansibility, which even can not be achieved in some situations. So aiming at the characteristics of high density and the limited capability of senor nodes in computation, storage and communication, this paper pays special attention to how to design a power efficient localization algorithm.Introducing node localization mechanism, this paper concludes and summarizes the existing localization systems and protocols in WSN. One underlying assumption used in most localization algorithms is that the network topology is isotropic. However, anisotropic characteristics which result from various factors such as the anisotropic terrain conditions, the different node densities and the irregular radio patterns, make the performances of localization algorithms get worse. This paper...