| Recent advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have led to many new protocols specically designed for different kinds of applications where energy efficiency is an essential consideration. Most of the attention, however, has been given to the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols since they pay an important role in wireless communications and traditional MAC protocols are not suitable for WSN.This dissertation tries to survey recent energy efficient MAC protocols for WSN and presents a classification of the various approaches pursued. The four main categories explored in this dissertation are scheduling based, collision free, contention based and hybrid Schemes. Several energy-efficient MAC protocols are described and discussed under the appropriate category. Moreover, challenges and design requirements for the MAC layer in WSN are also discussed. Finally, main MAC protocols in contention based's category are compared under different metrics utilizing NS-2 simulation tool. |
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