Research On Building Extraction From Interferometric SAR Data

In this thesis, we start from simulated data to study building extraction from interferometric SAR data, and preliminarily analyze some problems that exist in extracting building from real data.Firstly, the basic SAR imaging and interferometry principle is introduced, we also discuss the phenomena occurring when buildings are mapping from an interferometric SAR sensor.In order to better study building extraction, we created a work to simulate SAR image and interferometric height data by "image simulation" algorithm. In this work, the geometric model and radiometric model of SAR imaging and interferometry are introduced. Especially, we analyze the condition of forming shadow and layover, as well as the interferometric characteristics of layover.Two different procedures for extracting building from simulated interferometric and slant range SAR data are studied, combining their benefits, a method of building extraction from interferometric SAR data is presented. When we study extracting building from slant range SAR image, we analyze the methods of building extraction from single view slant range SAR image and multiple views slant range SAR images by the properties of slant range SAR shadow, and a regulation which is composed of tracking outline, polygon approaching, grouping based on azimuth, and regulating edge is presented in detail. When we study extracting building from interferometric height data, we analyze the disadvantage of building extraction from single view interferometric height data, and present a method to extract building by superposing multiple views interferometric height data, which is composed of multiple views combination, border detection, and height reconstruction.Due to the presence of noise and distortions, the real data differ from the simulated data, but the main phenomena of building imaged from SAR sensors can be observed. Therefore it is possible to extract building from real data using the same methods developed using simulated data. We analyze the impact of noise upon real SAR images and interferometric height data, a method to suppress speckle and a method to extract the SAR shadow from InSAR coherence are presented. We also do an experiment to extract building from SAR shadow.