Designing Target Tracking Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are self-organizing networks which consist of a large number of sensor nodes with small size and low cost that have capabilities for perception, data collection, data processing and wireless communication. It can effectively monitor large areas, process the monitoring data, and transfer data to users. Target tracking is one of the basic applications in wireless sensor networks. How to save energy and guarantee the tracking accuracy simultaneously is the focus of this research.However, energy consumption greatly depends on transmission power of sensor nodes, amount of data transmission, time of node monitoring, and especially the number of sensors which are selected to track the target at a period time. This thesis proposes a target tracking algorithm based on unreliable node sequences and face-aware routing (NSFAR). It can reduce the amount of data transmission in the network. In order to solve the problem that the complexity of localization algorithm based on unreliable node sequences will be too high when the number of nodes is too large, we make use of face-aware routing. We apply localization algorithm based on unreliable node sequences in every face of planar networks, hence we can control the number of nodes effectively, and the complexity of algorithm can be confined to a small range. At the same time, our algorithm uses the forecast mechanism, which can effectively reduce the number of nodes that participate in the tracking.Considering that there are mobile users in the network, this thesis proposes a tracking algorithm based on mobile querying. Mobile users need to query and capture the target. In order to satisfy mobile users' needs to query and track target, wireless sensor networks will store the information of target in the tracking node chain, thus mobile users can capture the target with the help of tracking node chain. When mobile users'velocity is lower than the target, in order to capture the target on time, we improve the algorithm and shorten the time consumption to capture the target.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the amount of data transmission between nodes, so it can reduce energy consumption and extend lifetime of network effectively. This thesis has reference value for the future research of target tracking in wireless sensor networks.