On The Development And Decline Of Russian Liberalism Movement In The Early 20th Century

Liberalism as a political campaign is a particular phenomenon which always appeared in period of capitalist development, especially in the era of bourgeois revolution of West-Europe. Since Peter I learned the advanced industrial civilization of the west, liberalism has been sent into social of Russia already. However, because of local uniqueness of the social and economy of Russia in the modern history, the liberalism in Russia looked rather different with the West-Europe, which marked by political campaign rather than ideal theory. So the discussion in this paper is aimed at political campaign in the scope of liberalism, which focused on suggestion of the development of Russia liberalism movement during the early 20 th century. This period is the highest development of Russia liberalism, which the liberalism passed its zenith and is on the wane as well. In this period, libertarian coped with the Revolution of 1905 and February Revolution positively, furthermore, the libertarian set a party called PDL, which possessed a distinctive characteristics of capitalism. But with the outbreak of the October revolution, the liberalism moved into weakness and failure which followed the downfall of Provisional Government and dissolution of Constituent Assembly. This paper is going to analysis this question, and will draw a conclusion of the cause about the weakness and failure of liberal movement, and do a thinking about the movement. So this paper is divided into five charters:The first charter of this paper, will describe and discusse the emergence development of Russia liberal before 20th;The second charter of this paper, will make an analysis of the social situation and revolution in Russia at first, in order to discuss the establishment of PDL. And this charter will analyze liberals activities during this period by combined with the ideological system of PDL.The third charter of this paper, will discuss the liberalism movement during the period of February revolution. With the intensifying of social contradictions by the war, the struggle tactics of libertarian make it successfully to build up their political strength, then establish bourgeois provisional government after he tsar abdicated. But the provisional government took the wrong action in many aspects such as land issues and war issues which made himself unpopularity, the regime cannot exist for long.The 4th charter of this paper will discuss the October revolution and the details about the failure of liberal movement in Russia, and try to analysis the reason in the aspects of traditional in Russia society, liberalism itself and its strategy etc.The 5th charter of this paper will make a reflection of Russia liberal movement in this period, it is concluded that liberal movement promote the development of Russian social actively, then discusses the echo of the liberalism in contemporary Russia.