Research On Human Factors Based On HFACS Model And Construction Of Safety Management System

Aviation industry has always been the representative of all high investment and risk industries. Among all the fields that has been emphasized in aviation industry, aviation safety is one of a kind. One of the main research methods in aviation safety field is by analyzing aviation incidents and accidents data, conclude all possible causes, then take proactive actions to predict and control same incidents and accidents in the organization. With the continuous development of aircraft design and manufacture, accidents solely caused by mechanic failure are hard to find, yet human factor is becoming the most important cause of aviation incidents and accidents. After the review of aviation accident human factor analysis models, this research selected The Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) as the basic analysis model. By analyzing the aviation accident reports provided by National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) between 1990 and 2014, factors that have the highest frequency appeared in these accidents were skill-based errors, inadequate supervision and adverse mental status of operator. In addition, there were significant relationship between several factors of the four-tier model, which were resource management and planned inappropriate operations, organizational climate and planned inappropriate operations/supervisory violations, organizational process and inadequate supervision/failed to correct a known problem/supervisory violations, inadequate supervision and personal readiness, adverse mental status and decision errors, adverse physical status and decision errors, crew management and skill based errors/routine violations, and personal readiness and decision errors, respectively. By applying gray relational analysis, the closest relation appeared between unsafe acts and the accidents, also decision errors, adverse mental status, inadequate supervision, and organizational climate found in each tier. At last, based on Safety Management System (SMS), Aviation Human Factor Safety Management System (AHF SMS) was proposed to provide safety assurance in aviation organizations, as a data analysis-risk prediction research pattern, and to support future research in aviation safety field.