| Lying behavior is one of the most serious weaknesses in all psychological problems. Primary school children are in the most rapid period of physical and mental development. Lying behavior of primary school children will be affected by the following factors, such as the contradiction of imaginary self and real self, mature personality, and the incorrect rearing styles of parents. In addition, lying behaviors are influenced by many other external factors, such as social value orientation and the mechanism of reward and punishment.Combined with the practical teaching work, the lying behavior of pupils has extremely negative influence on the growth of them. Long term lying behavior will easily cause the children personality defect, decline in academic performance, and even result in emotional weariness etc. Thus, if lying behavior is made by students to reach some purpose, gradually it will also encourage students to get some bad habits, which causing serious consequences. In the view of this, research on lying behavior should be overlooked.In this research, most primary school children may be in order to get the reward and the violation of the rules of the game, and researcher will record children’s lying behavior index by directly questioning whether the child obey the rule.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) The results of experiment 1 showed that, higher material reward will promote the occurrence of lying behavior of primary school children.(2) The results of experiment 2 showed that, spiritual rewards will not promote the occurrence of lying behavior of primary school children.(3) The results of experiment 1 and 2 showed that, the factors of age and gender will not affect the influence that incentives on primary school children’s lying behavior. |