A Comparative Study Of Chinese "NL + V" And "V + In NL"

Based on the investigation of a large corpus, this paper discript "zai+NL+V" and "V+zai+NL" in both the diachronic and synchronic angles, and carries on the analysis and explanation of the relation and the difference between the two structure in four aspects:the syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and cognitive perspectives.First of all, on the synchronic, we classified the verb V and locative word NL in the structure of "zai+NL+V" and "V+zai+NL". Verbs in "zai+NL+V" are action verbs, cognitive mental action verbs, state verbs and attribute verb, and the action verbs is rich, which can be divided into continuous verbs and momentary verbs. According to the verb classes, the locative word are divided into four:the place where an action happened, the place where a cognitive psychological activity happened, the place where state is presented and the place where attributes is presented. Verbs in "V+zai+NL" are action verbs, cognitive psychological activity verbs and state verbs, and action verbs also have subclassification. The locative words are accordingly divided into four classes:the place where an action happened, the end place of a displacement, the end place of an attachment and the place where state is presented. At the same time, we also compared "zai+NL+V" and "V+zai+NL" from four aspects:the verb, the locative word, the meaning of the structure and the existence of "zai".Secondly, we studied transformation of "zai+NL+V"and "V+zai+NL" on modern Chinese. From two aspects that two structures can be directly transformed and can not be directly transformed, we analyzed verb and the meaning of the two structures. The verbs is generally continuous verbs, momentary verbs and typical state verbs in the case that two structures can be directly transformed.In the case that two structures can not be directly transformed, only independent activity verbs, collaborative activities verbs and disposal verbs can appear in the "zai+NL+V", and only static body posture verbs, injuring verbs and most of displacement verbs can appear in "V+zai+NL". We also analyzed the verbs which appear in the structures which can add words to make a transformation, and trying to explain the reasons that restrict the transformation of the two structures from syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and cognitive perspectives.Finally, on the diachronic, we described "zai+NL+V" and "V+zai+NL" in six periods,and we find that the "V+zai+NL" appeared earlier than "zai+NL+V", but "zai+NL+V"used more often than "V+zai+NL" lately,which provides some explanation for the distriction of the transformation of the two structures.