| Objective:The clinical characteristics and related factors of premenstrual-acne patients are thoroughly investigated in this study, in order to provide basis for guiding the targeted clinical treatment, shortening the disease course, improving the curative effect, and for the patients’ daily protection.Methods:An epidemio logical survey was conducted on 128 female patients with acne in the Dongzhimen Hospital from June 2015 to December 2015. General health status, onset age, lesion state, menstruation, diet habits are investigated in the survey. The questionnaires and the evaluation of the skin lesions were completed with the assistance of the physicians in the Dermatological Department. The Excel database was established according to the results of the survey, and the conclusions were inferred by applying SPSS20.0 data-process ing software, corresponding statistical methods combing with clinical findings.Results:1. Incidence of premenstrual acne exacerbationOf the 128 cases of female patients, during premenstrual period,104 cases exacerbated accounting for 81.2%; 24 cases had no significant change, accounting for 18.8%. According to the number of new acne before menstruation, all the cases are divided into three groups, no-change group occupy 18.8%, slightly exacerbated group (the new acne number is less than or equal to 5) has 84 cases, accounting for 65.6%, significantly exacerbated group (the new acne number is equal to or more than 5) has 20 cases, accounting for 15.6%.2. MenstruationMenstrual cycle is normal in 87 cases, accounting for 68.0%, is abnormal in 41 cases, accounting for 32.0%(including delayed menorrhea,16.4%; preceeded menorrhea,7.0%; irregular menstruation,8.6%).Significantly exacerbated group accounted for 15.0% of the normal menstrual cycle group, accounting for 4.8% of the delayed menstrual cycle, accounting for 11.1% of Irregular menstruation, accounting for 45.5% of preceded menstrual cycle. Statistical results show that the preceded-menstrual-cycle cases is the largest proportion of significantly exacerbated group, significant different with other groups.3. Age of onsetPatients with less than 15 years onset age accounted for 18.8%, the ones with 16-25 years onset age accounted for 68.0%, and the ones with more than 25 years onset age accounted for 13.2%.This suggested the younger the age of onset, the more likely the patient get worse before menstruation.4.Type of diseaseThere are 60 pubertal acne cases, accounting for 46.9%,47 late onset acne cases, accounting for 36.7%,21 persistent acne cases, accounting for 16.4%.The persistent acne cases occupy the largest proportion of significantly exacerbated group. Statistical results show that the persistent acne is more likely to before menstruation.5. Acne GradeThere are 46 Grade I acne cases, accounting for 35.9%,71 grade II acne cases, accounting for 55.5%,11 grade III acne cases, accounting for 8.6%. Significantly exacerbated cases are in all levels of acne, with the proportion of 2.2%,22.5%,27.3% respectively. The difference of acne at all levels was statistically significant, and Spearman related test shows that the acne grade and premenstrual acne exacerbation are positively correlated, which means, patients with higher acne grade level have the more obvious the premenstrual acne exacerbation symptom.6. Course of diseaseThere are 24 cases with less than 1 year course, accounting for 18.8%,42 cases with 1-5yearscourse, accounting for 32.8%,43 cases with 6-10 year course,accounting for 33.6%,19 cases with more than 10 years course, accounting for 14.8%.The statistical results showed that the longer the course of the disease, the greater the possibility of significant exacerbation before menstruation.7. Family historyFamily history was negative in 82 cases, accounting for 64.1%, was in 46 cases, accounting for 35.9%. Among them,28 patients’ father were acne patients, accounting for 21.9%, and 11 patients’ mother were acne patients, accounting for 8.6%,7 patients’both parents were acne patient, accounting for 5.4%.The proportion of significantly exacerbated group is 12.2% in negative-family-history patients, and 21.7% in positive-family-history patients. The proportion of exacerbated group is 74.4% in negative-family-history patients and 93.5% in positive-family-history. The statistical results showed that the difference was statistically significant, and the family history positive patients were more likely to exacerbate before menstruation.8. Mental factorsThere were 37 cases with no mental pressure,28.9% of them,81 cases with mild or moderate mental stress,63.3% of them,10 cases with severe mental stress,7.8%. Statistical analysis showed that there was no statistical difference between the groups. Combined with clinical analysis, it may be because no scale score was applied to judge the mental pressure of the patients, and leading to subjective results.9.Diet habits55.5% of the patients have sweet teeth, while 90.1% of exacerbated group have sweet teeth. Sweet teeth have certain impact on the exacerbation before menstruation.Conclusion:1.Preceeded menorrhea, persistent acne, acne severity and course of disease were the influencing factors that the significantly increased acne before menstruation.2.Early onset age, patients with positive family history, and partial addicted to sweets were the more likely acne exacerbation before menstruation. |
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