The Study Of School Voucher In America And Its Enlightenment

In 1955, Milton Friedman first proposed the idea of school voucher. Its centre idea is governments no longer funded schools directly, but distributed the funds to students and parents according to certain accounting methods. Students and parents choose the schools freely and they prefer use the education vouchers as all or part of educational costs. Through school vouchers, it seeks to achieve a variety of purposes, such as promoting reform of council schools, increasing the parents- choice right and ensuring a fair education. On this basis of Milton Friedman, Christopher Jencks developed the idea. He believes it should help the children from poor family go to school and emphasizes the fair education.In 1990s,"The Milwaukee Parental Choice Program"is the first school voucher scheme in America. Its goal is providing the chance for poor family children to go to private school; Florida is the first state to implementation education voucher statewide in 1999. This plan is different from the above, which has the competition based on the level of the school. So there forms the "one state and two cities"in America.With the impact of America, our country also has launched the school voucher experiment in some areas, for example, Changxing county of Zhejiang province has started on the school voucher experiment since 2001. Compared with America, the procedures of our country's school voucher are not perfect and the springboard of solving the problem is single.This research adopts several research approaches, such as literature, history research and case research, carding the development of the school voucher theory and taking an example for"The Milwaukee Parental Choice Program", and introduces the background, the main contain, the target, the procedures and so on in detail. This research thinks the"The Milwaukee Parental Choice Program"was guided by the ideology of Friedman and Jencks, using the market competition mechanism to boost the competition between the public schools and advance the efficiency, at the same time, the program aiming at the weakness group in the procedure so ray the value of education equity. The research wants to imbibe the harvest of the"The Milwaukee Parental Choice Program", and dig the value of the school voucher which advances the efficiency and promote the education equity deeply and finally expects to offers beneficial reference and enlightenment for the settlement of the relevant problems of our country .