The Studies On Japanese "National University Corporation Law"

In order to adapt to internationalization and needs of lifelong learning society to enhance the international competitiveness of universities and create more world-class universities, Japan had enacted the National University Corporation Law in 2003,established legal personality of national university to ensure the operational autonomy, improve the evaluation system, establish a flexible personnel system and absorb person from outside the university to participate in university management and began to implement legal status system of national university on April 2004. This paper analyzes the background of Japanese National University Corporation Law, studies the content of this law, explores the ideological basis of the law, inspects the guiding role of this law to national university's structural reform practice, sums up the impact of the law, think about enlightenment of the bill. This paper is made of seven parts.The first part is introduction. It elaborates the topic significance and research value, inspects in detail the research situation of Japanese national university legal status reform and the National University Corporation Law research these two parts, sums up the research contents and methods and puts forward new ideas of this paper.The second part is the background of the Japanese National University Corporation Law, which is analyzed from three aspects of international environment, domestic situation and the process of come into being. In the international environment aspect, the promoting function of the UK"executing agency"reform and the appeal of legal status of universities all around the world can not be ignored. In domestic situation aspect, economic recession, the government administrative reform and crisis-ridden in management system, quality assurance and financial system promote Japan tries to reform the university. And up to half a century experiencing in three stages of the raising of the Japanese national university legal status reform, the formation process of the law and formally enacting this law, Japanese National University Corporation Law was came into being in 2003 .The third part, the contents read of the Japanese National University Corporation Law. The author believes that the main content of this law is about ensure the operational autonomy, improve the evaluation system, establish a flexible personnel system and absorb person from outside the university to participate in university management. The law's characteristics of qualification as a legal person, power center, clear functions, management objectives, fair evaluation and open operations have been reviewed.The forth part , the ideological basis of National University Corporation Law. Author believes that National University Corporation Law reflects the ideological basis of neo-liberalism. This article analyses core idea of neo-liberalism about"Market-oriented","Privatization","Liberalization", expounds the educational philosophy of neo-liberalism, analyses the specific performances of neo-liberalism in the bills. Come to the conclusion, Author believes that the reflections of neo-liberalism in National University Corporation Law contain"contractual rules","market competition","the spirit of independence"and"operational efficiency".The fifth part is the practice of the Japanese National University Corporation Law. In this paper, National University corporate Kyoto University legal status reform is used as a case to study the guidance of this law. This paper introduces the contents of the National University Corporation Kyoto University's medium-term objectives based on research to improve the quality of university education, to improve the efficiency of business operations, to improve the financial content and focus on self-assessment. From business operations and financial and the quality of education research aspects investigated the practice guiding role of this law. Business operations and financial focus on promotion and efficiency of business operation, activation of financial system, improve self-evaluation system and pay full attention to other businesses operating; education research quality focus on the achievement of promoting education goal, the achievement of protecting research goal as well as concerned about the development of other goals.The sixth part is the impact of the Japanese National University Corporation Law. The author believes the university management injects new blood which is showed in the national university management model will be more diversified, the management of national university will be more democratic and academic power and executive powera all was strengthened; teaching research pays attention to the needs of society is showed in expand the income gap among teachers, limit academic freedom of teachers, impact the diversity of disciplines development, improve the efficiency of social scientific and technological innovation, and promote the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements; financial bottlenecks need a breakthrough, even though the school received financial autonomy and more flexible financial approach, but government funding reduction, as well as the limited sources of funding bring the result that now the National University face larger funds pressure.The seventh part is the enlightenment of The Japanese National University Corporation Law. From the standpoint of the content and process of this reform which the Japanese government carried out, it has special reference to our higher education's further in-depth reform. The author believes that higher education in China should rationalize the relationship between the Government and the universities and implement the university autonomy; strengthen links between the university and society to promote the university fully open; optimizing internal management and improve the efficiency of university management; carrying out the legitimate reform of higher education.