| In recent years, with the rapid growth of the left-behind children group, the left-behind children question's rapidly aggravating, this special group gradually aroused great concern in the community. The left-behind children follows social transformation to produce, and they are the product of special historical period in the process of chinese development. Due to particularity, it has no experience to refer. The domestic scholars start to this research only in recent years, although making some research, but mostly pause in the present situation, theory, policy aspects, and the quantitative study lack of depth. This paper selected the psychology of left-behind children to be breakthrough point for studying, and investigate practically and measure to left-behind children's personality characteristic and mental health level.In order to better understanding left-behind children's personality characteristics and mental health level, this paper selects the Eysenck personality questionnaire child version separately (EPQ) and the mental health diagnosis examination (MHT) to 439 left-behind children and non-left-behind children for investigation and analysis in Hunan Province Shimen County partial villages and towns, and draws the following conclusions:1,The personality characteristics of the left-behind children are as follows: about internal and external dimensions average score 43.50, standard deviation 12.06, the typical introversion and the tendency introversion 44.4 percent; about nervous dimension average score 51.73, the standard deviation 10.45, the typical nerve and the tendency nerve 31.4 percent; about spirit dimension average score 46.71, standard deviation 9.61, the typical of spirit and the tendency spirit 17.3 percent; about disguise dimension average score 45.60, standard deviation 9.60, strong disguise 14.6 percent. There are obvious differences between left-behind children and the national norm in the four dimensions of the personality characteristics, and the left-behind children are somewhat introverted, worrying, anxious. The left-behind children have no the gender differences in the personality characteristics. The left-behind children's personality characteristics exist age difference, the left-behind children in different age have obvious difference in the internal and external, the disguise dimensions. The left-behind children's personality characteristic in different lodging situation have not the remarkable difference. The left-behind children's personality characteristic in different parents marital situation exist obvious differences in the internal and external dimensions, and the left-behind children in parents divorce situation are more introverted than that in parents non-divorce situation. The left-behind children's personality characteristic in different parents work situation, having different guardian, or in different work time of parents do not exist significant differences.2,97.8% left-behind children's mental health level is in the normal development scope, but has different situation of anxiety tendencies in the mental health various dimensions, and in the terrorist tendency, the lone tendency, the body symptom dimensions exist anxiety tendencies are more than 30%. The mental health total level of the left-behind children has the gender differences, and the overall anxiety levels of the girls are obviously higher than that of boys. Boys and girls left-behind children in the terror tendency dimension have obvious difference, and girls are easy to feel anxious, nervous, restless, gloomy, terrified and other emotion puzzles than boys. The left-behind children in different age have obvious difference in sensitive tendency dimension. There have obvious difference between lodging and non-lodging left-behind children in the physical symptoms, and the lodging left-behind children's physical conditions are obviously weak. The left-behind children that their parents have different work situation in lone tendency exist obvious difference, and the lone tendency of the left-behind children which their mothers work outside is obviously higher. The left-behind children's mental health levels in different parents work situation, having different guardian, or in different work time of parents do not exist obvious difference.3,The personality characteristic nervous dimension of the left-behind children is obviously higher than that of non-left-behind children, and the disguise dimension is obviously lower than that of non-left-behind children. In fact, the nervousness of boys left-behind children obviously is higher than that of boys non-left-behind children, but to girls there has no obvious difference. The disguise of girls left-behind children obviously is lower than that of girls non-left-behind children, but to boys there has no obvious difference.4,The mental health total scores between left-behind children with non-left-behind children are obviously different. The anxiety level of the left-behind children is obviously higher than that of non-left-behind children in the human anxiety, the lone tendency, the rebukes oneself tendency and the terrorist tendency. In fact, the mental health total scores of boys left-behind children are obviously higher than that of boys non-left-behind children, but to girls have no obvious difference. The human anxiety and the rebuke of boys left-behind children are obviously higher than that of boys non-left-behind children, but to girls have no obvious difference. The lone tendency and the terror tendency of girls left-behind children are obviously higher than that of girls non-left-behind children , but to boys have no obvious difference.5,The nervous and spirit of the left-behind children are obviously positively correlated, and the disguise with the nervous, the spirit are obviously negatively correlated. Two of the different mental health dimensions of the left-behind children are obviously positively correlated. The internal and external dimensions and the lone tendency of the left-behind children are obviously negatively correlated. The nervous dimension and each mental health dimension are obviously positively correlated. The spirit with the human anxious, the lone tendency, the physical symptom, the impulsive tendency are extremely positively correlated. The spirit with the sensitive tendency, the terrorist tendency, the learning anxiety are obviously positively correlated. The disguise with the impulsion tendency, the physical symptom are obviously positively correlated.6,The factors about the study score regress equation of the left-behind children in junior middle school include mental, disguise, impulsive tendencies, and 23.2 percent can be explained by the three factors among the study score variety.
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