Research On The Risks Of Social Vulnerable Groups Investment In Higher Education

Social Vulnerable Groups are concerned seriously by the parties,governments at all levels and the society in recent years. However, few academic researches on the risks of Social Vulnerable Groups investment in higher education are available and the researches from economical method are fewer. The typical theory of human capital shows that educational investment can contribute to more incomes. However, Owing to the uncertainty of economical investment, individual investment in education exists potential risks.The risks are existent to all people who invest in higher education, however they are more prominent to Social Vulnerable Groups. The attention to Social Vulnerable Groups, rescues on Social Vulnerable Groups, the most direct effect is the economical aid, but the economical aid only can enable Social Vulnerable Groups to alleviate their survival position, but paying attention to the children's education of Social Vulnerable Groups and the improvement in the children's education situation are fundamental,developmental and promotional ways. That is why such kind of research is so currently significant .The thesis is made up of five parts.In the first part, the author mainly introduces the background,the goal,the significance,the mentality and the method of the research, And systematically combs the domestic and foreign research literature which are about the education capital investment risk.In the second part, the author gives a clear definition of Social VulnerableGroups on the basis of all different definitions of Social Vulnerable Groups provided by different branches of learning. Social Vulnerable Groups refers to those people who come into being under the background of reformation of our country and society as a result of all sorts of reasons, They are difficult and disadvantageous in aspect of income,social position,rights and interests protection,competitive ability. those people include impoverished farmers,the laborers working on a public project in cities,the unemployed and other low income crowds. The article points out that higher educati-on investment risk means individual or family invests a quota of manpower,physical resource,financial resource to develop the human capital in the higher education stage, but in the future certain years, the investor's income unnecessarily will be able to compen-sate the investment cost. Then the thesis elaborates the theories basis of the research.In the third part , the author analyzes the historical background, the basic characteristics and the present situation which our Social Vulnerable Groups produce. In the fourth part, The thesis analyzes various risks on higher education investment of Social Vulnerable Groups from the aspects of the cost of Higher Education,employment and individual benefit,and explores the reasons deeply. After comparing the tuition for universities in China with the inhabitant household income and the tuition overseas, the article points out the tuition in China rises excessively quickly and the tuition standard is high .It has surpassed actual bearing capacity of Social Vulnerable Groups. Owing to the factors of the information dissymmetry,the aspiration for university and family economical background, the children from Social Vulnerable Groups favor the universities in lower economy level places,Agricultural universities,universities of geosciences or mining,the process of education is unfair, It will cause Social Vulnerable Groups to lack the employment competitive ability and increase the employment risks. From the point of the screening theory in educational economics,the labor market division theory as well as the social capital theory in sociology, The article elaborates various risks on higher education investment of disadvantaged community. In the income aspect, the starting pay which the graduate gets is generally low, the income difference increases. From the angle of investment, the time is longer for the graduate to recoups the cost of college education and the income rate is more and more low.In the fifth part, the author puts forward some policy suggestions. It is mainly in three aspects. For the government: It should Vigorously develop the economy, promote the regional economy to develop coordinately, enlarge the investment in education; And establish reasonable tuition standard for higher education, perfect the loan system; optimize the employment environment, guarantee the graduates fairly get employed; Establish unemployment safeguard mechanism. For the universities: Enlarge the assistances for the impoverished students, establish public transparent higher education information dissemination system, reduce the information dissymmetry; localize accurately, change the pattern of university, optimize the disciplines and the specialized establishment, form the characteristic; Implementation elastic educational system; Strengthen the career guidance and serves, provide the full employment information resources. For individual or family: transform the traditional ideas, establish the risk consciousness and reduce the blindness; Diligently improve one's own comprehensive quality.