A Tentative Research On Middle School Students' Reasoning Ability Of Hypothesis

One of the creed of the new curriculum reform is to advocate students'abilities of inquiries into studying. Through the method of inquiries into studying, we can develop students'creativity and practical ability. The course of the scientific hypothesis is not only the key step of scientific inquiry, but also it plays an important role in the course of students'learning. Knowing about the students'present thinking situation of constructing hypothesis obviously has a good effect on carrying out inquiries into studying. For example , doing research on their process of thinking, the main influence over their thinking and the main difficulties of developing thinking; All of them will have a direct effect on carrying out smoothly the new curriculum reform.In order to know about the real situation of the middle school students'ability of hypothesis reasoning, this research based on the key step of testing the students'constructing hypothesis, logical reasoning thinking, taking the related biology materials as background and some Junior2 and Senior2 students as objects of study . With the help of some carefully designed survey questionaires, I made some surveys in Huitong No. One Middle School, Guangping Middle School in Hunan province and No.2 Additional Middle School of Guangxi Teachers'University, getting a few careful and real first-hand materials. After this ,I deeply analysed the survey results, which can be concluded as the following:(1) The development of the students'reasoning is not sufficient or all-round. It shows that our school education doesn't aim at practising the students'ability of thinking .(2) The development of the students'ability of reasoning has a close connection with the environment, at the same time, the reason of causing such difference should not ( or at least not )be the result caused by the times or the number of practising lessons, what's more, the function of only seeking after the amount of students'exercises is quite limited in developing students'reasoning ability.(3) On the whole, middle school students'abilities of analogy reasoning are not very good; besides, with the grade going up, their abilities of analogy reasoning are going down, which indicates that middle school education, ( not denying the education before it) is a process of lacking in practising analogy reasoning.(4) The way and degree of expressing information have an obvious effect on students'reasoning thinking.(5) The natural sex difference can not lead to remarkable differences in the students'ability of reasoning thinking. Even though there are still some differences in the ability of analogy reasoning between the male students and the female students ,maybe such differences are connected with the students'roles in society, including the role that they play in the family.(6) There remain a lot of remarkable differences between grades,from this we can see that the middle school stage, ( not denying the stages before it), is the key stage to develop the students'abilities of reasoning thinking: what's more, from junior2 to senior2, the development of the students'abilities of reasoning in some areas, for example , the theory of three steps deducting reasoning, can make up for the gap of the development in reasoning abilities which the students can not get before Junior 2 .In a word , through the survey, we can find that on the whole, middle school students'abilities of hypothesis reasoning are not very pleasing, futhermore, we can see that such situation has a close connection with the lack of practices developing the students'hypothesis thinking at present.This essay just shows an initial stage of a survey on middle school students'reasoning ability of hypothesis activities; besides, based on the survey result , combining my own experience, I put forword some suggestions, hoping to offer some reference materials for the teachers who are trying to improve the students'ability of constructing hypothesis reasoning in the middle school students teaching, especially, biology teaching. In addition , I also hope that the way of analyzing the figure of the survey result can offer some references for the teachers who are carrying on the research on middle school teaching and education.