A Research On The Dilemma And It's Cause Of Rural Secondary School

As a late starter of the overall modernization process, China has inevitably been trapped in the dualistic-social-structure. The essence of the dualistic opposition between urban and rural areas is the splitting between modernity and tradition, which co-exist in our society. In this very process, rural area and the education adheres to it has inevitably been faced with a marginal status, which is their doomed destiny. The lack of balance between urban and rural developments has caused intense transformation and breaking-apart in the social structure, which has eventually lead to a tense state within the dualistic structure. The tense state, which should be cleared out as soon as possible, has brought about tremendous pressure to rural education. The rural secondary education has undergone a functional transition within the social structure. It has been not only a pure education institution, but also a bridge of the breaking-apart and opposition between urban and rural areas in nowadays.Based on such a perspective, the author tries to analyze, mainly by means of case study, the connections between the extant predicament and the functional transition of rural secondary education. Having thoroughly considered the typical and representative factors, the author chooses Guantang secondary school as our case. Firstly, the author will introduce the vicissitudes of rural secondary education in China that Guantang secondary school has experienced since its foundation in 1958, namely, the "education revolution" in 1958 , influences came from "Culture Revolution" from 1966 to 1976, the co-existence of opportunity and challenge for rural secondary education from 1976 to the middle of the 80s, the tide of rural secondary school revolution started from the middle of the 80s, and so on. Then the author pay main attention to the immediate problems that oppress Guantang secondary school, such as the tremendous pressure caused by the college entrance examination, the un-equivalent distribution of educational resources between urban and rural areas, the general trend of borrowing debt to run the school, and so on. These problems are not only disturbing one very school, but reflecting the generalsituation of Chinese rural secondary school. After analyzing the underlying social factors of these problems, the author believe the essential reason that there are so many obstacles in the progress of rural secondary education nowadays is the dualistic-social-structure, namely, the breaking-apart and opposition between urban and rural areas. Such a distorted social structure has further resulted in the functional transition of rural secondary school, that is, the school has become the bridge, through which rural students can break away from their inborn status and become part of the city.The goal and value of our study is that the author starts from the pressure comes from the social structure, so as to further understand the essential reasons why Chinese rural secondary education has met with so many difficulties, and to make some significant, if it is, probing.