| National body-building is one of the basic policies of our country . The advancement and enforcement of this plan have profound and historic significance in guiding the people's gymnastic practice and improving the people's health .Comrade Yuan weimin, director of the State Physical Administration, has spoken at the National Physical Work conference and the National Physical Scientific and Technological conference, "The main point of our work is to develop the community and township physical education and then push forward the practice of the national body-building plan. In order to positively respond to and carry out the guiding practice, local physical administrative departments have founded a special agency one after another, which is engaged in the special topic study carefully.According to the survey, the studies of the national body-building can be included in the followings: 1 Probe into the national body-building theoretically. 2 Study the present situation of the people's constitution. 3 Investigate the present situation of the national body-building and its countermeasures. The achievements in research produce a lot of helpful advice on how to develop the national body-building better. However, for one thing, the above related studies only attach importance to the research on the body-building of the residents in the developed economic areas and neglected the backward areas, especially the inquiry of body-building of the residents in the middle-sized and small-sized cities who constitute the majority in our country; For another, it only seeks the one-sided result from a certain perspective to cut out the pesitive connection between the national body-building and constitution.On the basis of document now available, I carefully analyze the present situation of the residents' constitution and body-building in the medium-sized and small-sized cities and thebackward areas.Therefore, the study makes research on the residents of Binzhou and its countryside. After consulting lot of documents, I have studied the current situation of the residents in Binzhou city by using series of research methods such as inquiry and investigation, interviewing specialists, surveying, data statistics, etc. It can be concluded initially:1 The constitution of the adults and the old in Binzhou remain to be improved. Other indices are lower than the average of Shandong pronince, except for weight and man's lengthy jumping.2 According to the study of the adults' physiques in Binzhou, with aging, the height of men and women tend to decrease, while their weight, bust, waist line, buttocks measurement and the thickness of stomack skin tend to increase. They may reach the highest point at the age of 50-54 and then begin to drop. It is the same as the thickness of women's arm skin, whereas man's indices remain to increase from the beginning to the end so that men tend to get fat.3 The function of body of the adults in Binzhou are changing with aging. The indices of quiet pulse beat, diastolic pressure, systolic pressure of both men and women have the tendency of increasing, while the indices of their vital capacity and stairs experiented cardiac tend to reduce.4 With aging, the grip and back strength of the adults in Binzhou still remain the highest level before 34 years old, while the indices of the other functions begin to decrease. The extent of decreasing begins to become large at the age of 40-44 and becomes more obvious, especially in the advanced age of 60-69.5 Judging by professions of the adults in Binzhou , the functions of body of the adults at the age of 20-40 and 41-59 are the followings: the inflexibility of the adult farmers at the age of 20-40 is better. So are men's back strength and women's grip. However,spring, balance, man's biceps and women's agility are worse. Among labours in the city, men's grip and women's back strength are better, while agility inflexibility and women's grip are worse and other indices are in the medium level or in the medium-small level. Nonlabors in the city, th...
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