| In recent years, the problem of community has got more and more concern by people of all fields, the experiment and investigation of community development is getting in on the whole country. The modes of Shanghai, Shenyang, Jianghan and Qingdao have formed. Each of them has its own characteristics and has become the typical model of community developments in our country. But unit type community has its special performance again in the old northeastern industrial base. Therefore, the author has done on—the—spot investigation and interview to Liambo and Jianglian community where live the stuff and workers of the consociation chemistry factory and the south-- river oil refinery of Jilin Chemical Industrial Corporation. In the background of Chinese social structure transition and the unit reform, the author also discusses the present condition of old industry base community developments and analyzes the process of changing from enterprise elites to community elites, and the power operation process between community and each organization, during which present a kind of community development mode, that is, community, street, halt area enterprise and residents cooperating, sharing the resources and supporting each other. Through investigating the former research results, the author concludes that the reform of basic management mode in community developments stems from the unit system reform. Chinese community developments take place in the disintegrated process of traditional unit system.This essay uses two typical unit communities in the northeastern old industry base as the background to study the "why and how" possible problems of community developments after the disintegration of business enterprise. Firstly, the author analyzes the enterprise elites' social background and system guarantee after entering the community. But with the establishment of market economy system, the traditional unit system has divided profoundly, the main body position of unit system in our city management system has lost, the unit society shrank and disintegrated, and the "unit person" became the "community person". It is the community's responsibility to manage these persons. But in reality, street office and residents' committee do not have enough ability to undertake these missions, and the problem of lacking labor resource becomes serious. In the past, residents' committee was an edge organization beyond the unit system. It only took charge of very few residents who had no units. For this reason, the community staff were mostly composed of retired old—age women who were called the "eldest mother". They can hardly undertake the community missions which were brought by the economic system reform. Therefore, the community needs to infuse new labor resource in order to guarantee and push community developments. This fact provides the possibility of business enterprise elites entering the community. Meanwhile, in 1989, City Resident Committee Organic Law was promulgated and put into practice, theoretically making the systematic guarantee and possibility for enterprise elites to enter the community. But how can this possibility change into reality? We should analyze the enterprise elites' motivation to enter the community and their conversion process. The elites' motivation to enter the community is, firstly, getting benefits in economy, but the more important thing is seeking social and political position and then realizing one's own life value. With the ages' development and variation, the conversion process of business enterprise elites' cognition can be divided into three stages: "0" cognition, first step cognition, fully accredit. More and more business enterprise elites become the governor of the community service, display the talent gradually in community business management process, become the community elites, change the community staff substitute principle and realize the conversion from enterprise elite to community elites. In addition, the characteristics of the unit type community also make this...
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