The Analysis Of Excellent Ball Player's Psychological Anxiety Level And Influence Factor Before Retiring In Liaoning Province

Objective: Retirement is a major stressful event for the athletes, under which psychological anxiety is the major psychological stressful reaction of the athletes.The research analyses the anxiety level and its influencing factors of the excellent athletes in Liaoning Province before their retirement from the point of their psychological anxiety levels and the relating factors in order to change their traditional notions of retirement. The author aims to change the athletes'subjective understanding of retirement, to relieve their pressure from it, and to blaze a new way to arrange athletes, which is of far-reaching significance to the development of competitive sports and the training of sports talents.Methods: Based on athletes' general circumstance questionnaire, the athletes' Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and the social support scale, the natural conditions, psychological anxiety, social support and interpersonal relations of the excellent ball players in Liaoning Province were conducted. By using the comprehensive ways such as the literature research, questionnaires research, statistics method and Logical analysis, the author analyzes the psychological anxiety levels before retiring of the outstanding ball players in the 11th national games and its influencing factors.Results: The survey data shows that anxiety mean (56.28±1.91) of the athletes who have the intention of retiring was obviously higher than that (44.71±5.02) of the athletes who have no intention of retiring and P < 0.01 through independent sample t-test indicates the significant differences between the two. When facing the retirement, the anxiety mean of those who have the intention of retiring varies from the sports level and represents significant difference (P < 0.05); The anxiety level between the men and women has obvious difference(P<0.05); The anxiety level also varies from sport to sport.Conclusion: It is found through this research that the psychic anxiety of the excellent ball players who are planning to retire is closely related with the transition of their careers and the role shifts. What's more, the average level of anxiety is higher than the domestic norm, belonging to high level of anxiety, which indicates that athletes are in a poor psychological state when they are faced with retirement, their loneliness increases and social support is not enough either.Suggestion: It is better to change the traditional system of athletes'selection and training, to attach greater importance to the cultivation of athletes'cultural qualities, and to enhance the athletes'education level; the athletes'psychological counseling and training needs strengthening, and their stress reaction when they are faced with stress events needs diminishing; the managing department should intensify the training of the athletes'professional skills before their retirement so that they are able to resolve the issue of arrangement with developing vision and scientific methods.