Research On The Characteristics Of Elite Speed Skater's Land Of Strength Training

With the rapid development of the sports, the worlds of the elite athletes'training become more and more systematic and scientific. The strength as the medium which link up with the aerobic and anaerobic ability, cycle endurance projects will pay more and more attention on it. This study uses the literature, expert interviews, field observation and comparative analysis methods, to analyze the speed skating current theories and the elite athletes'land of strength training, which includes time schedule, content arrangement, strength training methods,means, load characteristics and so on.(1) As to highlight the stage characteristic.of speed skating's training, ensure the training's direction effectiveness, according to the formation of natural ice time, and taking into account the time arrangement with speed skating, the difference of the training methods,means, the annual training cycle is divided into land speed skating and ice of two stages. In the land of training phase, can use the training methods flexibility, and fully develop the strength of the quality of skaters, and also can lay the foundation for special practice in the ice phase, coaches will pay more attention on the land of training.(2) According to different stages of continental training mission, strength training of speed skating has the following features:The general preparation phase, focus on the less duplication of a large force exercises, supplemented for the body to exercise the power of coordination. Specialized preparation phase, focus on integrating ice technology practice and land of strength training, the main purpose is through ice technology practice and land of strength training simultaneously, the athletes formed in the general preparation phase to transfer the power to go skating technique. Special preparation phase, mainly based on big load,low intensity,technical strength exercise.(3) Foreign coaches'training methods showing flexible and changeable, focus on developing the gluteus maxis,semitendinosus semimembranosus,erector spinae,latissimus dorsi,pectoralis major,trapezius muscle,muscle clip's fast power and strength endurance capacity.(4) The whole land of the load arrangement showing wave-development trend, intensity arrangement showing the different stages features:The load intensity of general preparation phase development just like broken line; when into the specialized preparation phase, it becomes looks like a trapezoidal; at the end of the Special preparation phase, it becomes parabolic. The whole land phase of average load intensity showing linear upward trend, maximum in special preparation phase.(5) In this season the land of strength training's average load intensity just in the low position in the middle. This mode of load intensity arrangement, can't meet the high-intensity games. Needs to be improved in the latter part of training.