A Research On The Physical Core Ideas For Junior High Schools In China

America, Canada, British and other countries have revised science curriculum standards in recent years. Organizing learning contents closely around the core ideas is the most obvious characteristic of science curriculum standards. With the booming increase of knowledge in modern society, it is impossible to teach students all the knowledge. Scientific education tasks should teach students enough core ideas so that they can learn from it and apply it flexibly. China has started researches on it, and the latest revision of the science curriculum standard in elementary school is organized closely around the twenty-four core ideas. Therefore, it is quite necessary to do some research on the physics core ideas in China's junior high school.This thesis consists of the following three surveys:Firstly, through analyzing and comparison with the physics (science) curriculum standards or teaching syllabus in junior high school in 13 countries and regions/we sift physics contents out from which appear in the curriculum standard and find out focal contents which appear frequently.Secondly,inquire into the physics text paper in China's senior high school entrance examination in recent years, analyze and count the appearing rate of knowledge points and the proportion of test scores of the knowledge points to the total test scores,and to find out focal knowledge points which account for high rate and scores in the physics text paper in the senior high school entrance examination.Thirdly, knowledge points which come from analyzing the curriculum standards and text paper for senior high school entrance examination are made into inquiry paper on which marks are given by the junior high school physics teachers with their own understanding according to the importance of knowledge points. And then, find out the focal knowledge points whose marks rank higher.At last, synthesizing the data from the above surveys, the common focal knowledge points are defined as physics core ideas in junior high school.According to the research, we can draw the following conclusions:1. Motion and Interactions and Energy are not only major physics learning fields in the junior high school but also the physics core ideas are concentrated in the two main fields. Particularly, seventy-two percent of core ideas are distributed in the two major themes of mechanical movement and force, electromagnetic energy that belong to the main two fields.2. Eighteen physics core ideas are drawn from the research:1) Two core ideas on matter:density, the three states of matter and changes of state2) Seven core ideas on motion and interactions:force, gravity, friction, intensity of pressure, velocity, reflection of light and the characteristics of the images formed by a plane mirror, the characteristics of the images formed by converging lenses.3) Nine core ideas on energy:the transformation and transfer of energy, work, current, resistance, electric of circuit, the parallel and series circuit, Ohm's law, electric work, electric power...