Researching On Land-lost Rural Women's Employment Status Under The Perspective Of Public Policy

Land-lost farmer is the farmer who lost their land because of urbanization and industrialization in the process of national economic construction and social development. Urbanization is a driving force of promoting the rapid development of economic of a country or region. But the form of economic deveopment at least make 36 thousand square kilometers of rural land into urban land, and more than 40 million farmers lost their land. This form of economic development is in order to attract the external factors of production. It would implement some special policies and management tools to promote the development of economic. There are many forms of this economic development,for example,the special economic zones,economic and technological development zones,hi-tech development area,free trade zone,border economic cooperation zone,tourist resort and so on. After losing land,which is the labour material,famers must maintain their life according to the non-farm employment.At present,China's urbanization process is advancing at an unprecedented rate. A large number of farmers are out of agriculture and take a enormous pressure to employment. And about 60% land-lost farmer,the land-lost rural women who lost their land in land requisition and marriage,can't get job soon after losing land,their employment rate showed a downard trend,and much lower than men's. Although there is no obvious gender discrimination in the policies of land requisition and compensation arrangments,compared with men farmers,rural women are more vulnerable in education and skill training,so they have less success in job-seeking and have weak sense of participation in training. There's also a low proportion in their own businesses. After losing land,it's more difficult for them to get a job.In this paper,according to the studies of public policy,women's rights and gender,I did some analysis on the issues and policies about the land-lost rural women's employment. I did some interviews and questionnaires as a reference to analysis the reasons for the difficult employment of land-lost rural women. And I aimed at revealing the importance of the public policy in the realization of land-lost rural women's rights. And I propose some solutions to ensure the employment of the land-lost rural women,which include five aspects:spirit, resources,organization,system and behavior. These solutions could ensure the equal employment between rural women and men.Firstly,I propose the purpose and significance of the research,and produce related research at home and abroad,which can help us to understand the background of this study. And I explain the research methods and samples.The second chapter statements the background about land lost and employment of rural women, describes the land rights violation of rural women in the marriage and land requisition. And I statements the issues of land-lost rural women's employment from a perspective of gender.The third chaper analysis related issues about the employment of land-lost rural women with the survey data. I choose to describe the status and problems of land-lost rural women by analysising their employment influencing factors and their employment choice which include the way of getting a job and style of the jobs they choose. Then I get a series of problems in employment of land-lost rural women.I analysis the policies about land-lost rural women'employment in chapter four. The main reason of land-lost rural women's employment difficulty is the lack of policies.Chapter five,I suggest construct a policy system for land-lost rural women. From spirit,the awareness of gender should be reflected in the land-lost rural women's employment policies. From education,the human resources of rural women should be developed and utilized. From organization,an employment service system for land-lost rural women should be established. The government should open up the ways of employment for them,and develop and standardize the labor intermediary organizations. From system,the supervision mechanism is the best way to ensure the implementation of the policies. At last,from behavior,the government shoule not only creat a better employment environment for them,but also provide necessary support and sponsorship for their employment.