On The Democratic Evaluation System

It has been formally put forward on the 17 national congress of the Chinese Communist Party that a service-oriented government shall be built. This is a great target, which is an important strategic move in the reforming process in which the administrative system reform should be in accommodation to the reform of the political system. According to President Hu's speech, a service-oriented government should pay more attention to public service and social management, making efforts to provide her people a convenient, express, excellent, and efficient public service system. This indicates that the function of our government will experience a complete shift from the regulate type to a service type. According to the social ethics theory, the precondition of this important shift is the reconstruction of the relationship between the government and the citizens. That is, the government shall not be regulations announcer, but the public service provider; while, the citizens shall not be the regulations passive conformers, but the beneficiaries of the public service. Thus, the relationship between the government and the citizens change from a single regulation type to a two-way interactive type in which supplies and demands meet in a balanced way. The way to evaluate the management level of a government is to see the quality of the public service and the standard is to see the satisfaction of its citizens. In this case, in a service-oriented government, the government should respect the citizens'willing, listen to the citizens'opinions, and respond the citizens positively. The politics with the participation of the citizens is the best politics.Since the late 80s of last century, China began to implement a series of government democratic evaluation system, which appraisal procedures by the development of democracy within the party came, and later became the government implemented a large-scale democratic appraisal activity, and has been development of national systems. Its content has been expanded by the Democratic council members and cadres, to the democratic evaluation functions, democratic evaluation of the political Profession Climate, on promoting democracy in our society, strengthen democratic supervision, improve governance, build a harmonious society, in particular "to ensure that people directly exercise their democratic rights "played a positive role in promoting. This not only helps the Government effectively to improve the management and to enhance reputation, but also becomes an important policy initiative in building service-oriented government.This paper is mainly based on the government practice of democratic evaluation system; from the perspective of administration science to study the further broadening of political participation in the construction of a service government, to improve the system in order to main the relationship between the government and the citizens. From the perspective of building a service-oriented government, by analyzing the current democratic evaluation and implementation, this paper is going to demonstrate the corresponding relationship between the content and approaches on governmental democratic evaluation and the implementation of a service-oriented government. And then explore in depth the necessity and possibility on the implementation and continuous improvement of the system. Suggestions will be put forward from the discovery and analysis of the main existing problems on democratic evaluation of the system and how to further improve the measures.This paper is divided into six parts.Chapter 1 describes the background of this paper, the literature review and the theoretical and practical significance of the research.Chapter 2 demonstrates the significance of the democratic evaluation system to building a service-oriented government. In this part, we, firstly, make an interpretation on the connotation of a service-oriented government, holding this as an argumentation basis and clues. Secondly, we explain the relationship between the political participation of citizens and the building of a service-oriented government, from the perspective of necessity and possibility; Finally, we indicate the significance on the carrying out of the democratic evaluation in a service-oriented government as the democratic evaluation is beneficiary to the political participation of the citizens, is conducive to the strengthening of democratic supervision and is helpful on improving service measures.Chapter 3 analyzes the specific practice and its effect of the current governmental democratic evaluation system., the analysis of the content and methods of democratic evaluation.The first aspect is on the political and administrative moral of the democratic evaluation; the second aspect is about the democratic evaluation administration; the third aspect is on the party members and cadres in the democratic evaluation process. The three main forms of democratic evaluation system play an important role on the forming of"the citizen standard government"and"the serving spirit". This fully embodies the "people oriented" value of service-oriented features of the government, while it has shown pretty good results on the protection of civil and political participation to promote the co-management of citizens and governments. In particular, it has developed into a nationwide political and administrative moral democratic evaluation work. The system has been carried out in all the provinces and most of the cities and more than 10 governmental departments as a common practice all over the country. The goal is " to broad the participation from all sectors of society as the basis; to strengthen the political popularity of wind as the core, to solve hot and tough issues which could harm the public interest as the purpose, to meet the public satisfaction as the standard". The public evaluation target should be those governmental departments and public service trades, especially those which have the power of carrying out laws and regulations and those which are closely related people's life and production. The main contents are the performance of their duties according to law, the just carrying out of law enforcement, the opening of government affairs, high efficiency, good service attitude, honest and no bribery, etc. The evaluation results will be included to the comprehensive performance appraisal, combining with review rectification and governmental conduct dispute.Taking the administrative moral evaluation system as an example, further analyzes that the more conducive forms and methods to the realization of civil and political participation in the forms and means for achieving the service role of government functions. The methods could be to protect the citizens'right to know by opening the evaluation results, to push the government fulfilling its integrity by requiring it keep its commitment, to promote the government to make scientific and democratic decisions through opinion polls, to strengthen the government response by offering administrative moral hotline, to improve government performance assessment through the comprehensive use of the results.Chapter 4 analyzes the main problems of the current governmental democratic evaluation systemTaking the administrative moral evaluation system as an example again, it is cited that existing governmental democratic evaluation system has five main problems. Problem One is the form of government. Problem Two is the selective feature of the democratic evaluation system. Problem Three is the comprehensive evaluation system is not scientific. Problem Four is the evaluation results are not used adequately. Problem Five is the related systems are not perfect. All these problems illustrate there is still much to improve and perfect in terms of the present governmental democratic evaluation system.Chapter 5 is about the suggestions on the improvement and development of democratic evaluation system.Combining the problems, this paper advocates three measures and recommendations on improving the existing governmental democratic system. The first one is to improve the existing lack of democratic evaluation. The main method is to make the government more transparent on public affairs through improving the position as the evaluation body, the public people, and to expand the content of democratic evaluation system, and to continue to expand channels for expressing the aspirations and interests of the citizens, enhance the democratic evaluation "Comments" and "discussion" to achieve the combination of functions. The second one is to promote the institutionalization of democratic evaluation system.By further standardizing, unifying the activities organized by the local governments and trade management departments, a relatively unified, integrated government performance management system could be developed, and a sound democratic evaluation system and the officials'accountability system could be founded and perfected. The third one is to explore the establishment of "third party" to carry out the democratic evaluation system. It analyzes the need of "third party" organizations in democratic evaluation from the definition, nature, advantages and other point of view. It also states the initial possibility on adapting the"third party"evaluation system with the theoretical support from the Western successful examples and internal practice, etc.In the last part, the conclusive statement proves the thesis. The current governmental democratic evaluation system paves a realistic and feasible approach for citizens to directly participate the building of a service-oriented government at the starting point. Therefore, the writer considers that it is of profound need to develop governmental democratic evaluation system. Meanwhile, the implementation effect and the social influence have proved the possibility to develop such a system.