An Investigation Of Criminal Profiling And It's Indigenization

"Criminal profiling" are widely used in western countries but relatively rare in China. While in the 1990s it has been partially used, but only with reference to the detection work.Precise definition of the meaning of criminal profiling, most traditional, semantic and realistic approach. For application of criminal profiling, through the combination of traditional and practical method to definitions: criminal profiling should refer evidence of criminal cases, the psychological analysis depicts traits and characteristics of the perpetrator and depicts the results of the process. In circumstances permit, criminal profiling should contrast with the actual results after criminal cases cracked and summed up right and wrong.Criminal mind is the impact, disposable acts were committed or may commit criminal acts of the subjective factor, including the perpetrators'general demand, level of knowledge, personal hobbies, personality, behavioral habits, professional skills and experience of crime etc, and it's the logical begin of criminal causes.What a crime has showed a different criminal mind and different acts, reflect these different ideas or information, including physical traces and the victims and witness's perception and memory of criminal acts or the disappearance of physical traces, and it's their mental performance of the external and indirect revealed that traces of criminal psychology, so called, Mark of criminal mind. Then Mark of criminal mind is the objective basis and material base and information infrastructure of criminal profiling.Behaviorism and Forensic Science is the theory source of criminal profiling. The theory of behaviorism including learning theory and conditioned reflex theory. Forensic Science is the interdisciplinarity that come forth in the late of 1960s which applied principles and methods of natural science(physics,chemistry, medicine, biology, etc) to the criminal justice activities. The Forensic Science shows: If criminals remain at the scene, activities, linkages between the victim and the scene with the items, it will be able to go through the identification and laboratory tests to revealed.Typical Inductive criminal profiling can be stated as "in the light of past cases and other criminals. scene and the victims are known behavior characteristics, and other personal characteristics of the Emotional characteristics to characterize the existing criminal offenders, victims and the crime scene features. "Because born with defects, in the 1990s, Inductive criminal profiling finally embark on a more scientific realm– Deductive criminal profiling.The theory of Deductive criminal profiling shows that crime reconstruction is the basis of criminal profiling. Crime reconstruction seizing "what" and "how" happened and other criminal acts involved in the process, and criminal profiling as the premise emphasis answered hidden motives behind the behavior and characteristics of the offender's personality and characteristics "Why should there be criminal" and "who take the criminal acts." Criminal profiling can only based on accurate, effectively comprehensive redevelopment.Criminal profiling of Deductive theory can't be a substitute for comprehensive crime analysis. Inductive criminal profiling has a large limitation, However, under the certain criminal law for crime analysis and forecast precisely the thinking of the former lacking.The main objectives of criminal profiling include the following three aspects: (1) outline the physical and social suspects characteristics (such as race, age, occupation, religion, marital status, education, etc.) and psychological profiling (interest, IQ, personality, temperament, mental health, etc.), to determine the scope of the investigation, cracked the case earlier. (2) extracted the crime's "acts of evidence" from the crime scene (the usual tactic of crime, the imprint of crime, etc.).provide psychological basis for the combination of cases and crime scene reconstruction. (3) master criminal psychological characteristics, and provide psychological measures for the trial.China's combination of crime and judicial practice, the following cases are more suitable for criminal profiling: (1)kill and injure; (2)sexual injury; (3) explosion, arson and poisoning; (4) looting; (5) kidnapping and extortion.Criminal profiling must be premised on a solid, precise and meticulous criminal investigation. The man who make criminal profiling at least should have the following four basic conditions : (1) to master all the information left by the crime scene; (2) understand the anomalous behavior and speech of crime; (3) have a positive mentality, familiar with the individual characteristics; (4) the statistics on the number of offenders.At present, there are different types of criminal profiling's research methods abroad. Following the traditional method of Psychiatry, it is now more popular, the greatest impact are: FBI's the analysis of the crime scene , David Canter's the survey of mind, Brent Turvey's the analysis of evidence, geographic portrait, statistics and so on.All of Inductive criminal profiling and crime reconstruction and Deductive criminal profiling have their own merits or shorts, and also have not entirely independent of the use conditions. It can be imagined, inductive and deductive criminal profiling of organic combination, based on conclusions of inductive criminal profiling and crime reconstruction, take up the idiographic and personalized Deductive criminal profiling within the scientific scope.Criminal profiling in our country's development requires a fairly long process, so far, from the basic theoretical research. indigenization technology, training few high-quality expertise to strengthen research.Criminal psychology studies at the grass-roots support is not enough. Without a registration of behavioral indicators when received a report of crime. At present, the study of China's criminal were over-reliance on the indicator system of crime statistics and analysis. There isn't systematic study of the statistical indicators of criminal acts. establish a statistical database system indicators perpetrator is still a lot of work to do. This makes the criminal profiling more difficult, and need to use the psychological advantage of the latter study and objectively analyze and act cautiously.Criminal profiling can be used to help narrow the scope of the investigation, and make the general direction of looking for criminals. But the technology has not systematic, professional standards and defined. We need to actively carry out practice and basic theory building. Establishment of a system of criminal psychological profiling technique is a more complete portrait of the signs of criminal psychology, and criminal profiling in cases also need the correct steps and methods for guidance.