| The failure of the great revolution made the Communist Party of China suffer unprecedented great losses, it was in a difficult recovery and development period in several years after this. The study about the Communist Party of China after the failure of the great revolution, the sight previously often concentrated on change of personnel and battle of route on the senior level of the inner-party elite, but how its basic party organizations and member insisted on struggle under the abominable environment on earth, kept its own strength under the situation of being suffered and the organization broken, and won the development to make this " single spark " have a chance to set a prairie fire, we know actually little about it. This article takes Hunan as an example, and makes some regional research about the Communist Party of China Party 's basic organization and member's situation after the failure of the great revolution, which hopes to substantiate the research of this field. This article reviews the political and economical situation of Hunan Province and the general masses' psychology under the White Terror at that time after the failure of the great revolution at first, to make everybody understand the living environment of the Party organization in Hunan Province at this moment ;and then reviews various kinds of thoughts of the Party organization, the organization's development and activity situation of Hunan Province in the crisis and transfering; finally introduces such constructions of various fields as the Party organization's own institutional framework, the Party member's development and ideological education , discipline etc. Full article attempts to discuss the reason why the Communist Party of China can existence and obtain development under so difficult conditions, through the investigation to the Hunan local Party organization's survive , activity , development and its inside structure under the White Terror after the failure of the great revolution.
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