Research On Ecological Homestead Models In Northwest China

The ecological homestead models of northwest, regarded as the main points of the paper, were summed up systematically on the status of its construction. And the ecological homestead's adaptability of northwest was analyzed according to the judgments from the factors affected by its construction. The economic benefit of the "Five Combined Components" was dissertated on comparison with general orchard. The ecological benefit of the "Five Combined Components" of the orchard was gained by means of environmental economics. The questions existing in the construction of ecological homestead models of northwest were analyzed, and some suggestions were put forward. The main results of the financial evaluation and environmental economics are as follows:1. The construction of ecological homestead has developed quickly since the plan of ecological homestead was carried out in 2000. Such models as the " Five Combined Components", the"Four-in-One" , the "Pig-Biogas-Fruit tree" ,the "Two Cotes with Two Pools" , the "family-feeding economy circles" with ripe technologies, good benefits and adaptabilities in northwest of China, were formed.2. Temperature is the most important factor that should be taken into account in choosing the ecological homestead models. Appropriate construction areas of the northwest ecological homestead were primarily analyzed based on the data of 5 years of the average temperature of the China Meteorological Administration. And the analysis led to a conclusion that 105 counties of south of Shanxi, southeast of Gansu and south of Xijiang belong to the appropriate areas; 220 counties of middle and north of Shanxi, most of Ningxia and Gansu, middle and west of Inner Mongolia and east of Xijiang belong to the opposite appropriate areas; and the rest region belongs to the none-appropriate-areas.3. The economy evaluation index, drawn from the analysis on the cash flow of the whole life period of the " Five Combined Components "of the orchard ecological homestead of Luochuan county is: the NPV=50027.78yuan, the IRR=66%, and the dynamic Investment withdraw period =1.5 years. And it proved that the" Five Combined Components " model contained good accrual, possibilities and rationalities. According to the comparison between the orchard of the" Five Combined Components " model and the common orchard, the year-round average Net Present Value of the "Five Combined Components" orchard is 6100 yuan, and the common orchard is only 4443 yuan. Therefore the typical "Five Combined Components" orchard model is better than the normal orchard.4. The " Five Combined Components " model saves a cost of 353 yuan. A 5-mu-orchard saves an investment of 464 yuan and 552 yuan on buying pesticides and fertilizer. Compared to the common orchard, the merchandise fruit rate of the "Five Combined Components " model increases 10%, and the merchandise fruit price is 0.06 yuan more than the common orchard per kilogram, because of using the fertilizer from biogas pool. The annual average income of the " Five Combined Components " orchard model is 9628 yuan, which increased 23% compared to the common orchard. The ratio of output to...