Study On Employment Situation And Development Trend Of China Female Labor

Since reform and opening, changes from planned economic system to market economic system has brought about more and more pressure of employment, unemployment and reemployment, which become a large social and economic question of perplexing China's development. Comparing to the male, the female is faced to greater pressure on employment. This kind of pressure comes from a lot of respects. On one hand, since reform and opening, though the quantity of female labor force is increasing constantly, the rate of labor force participation is lower than man, the overall level of the rate of unemployment is higher than man, during the working gold years of the age bracketed in 25-29 years old, 30-34 years old and 35-39 years old, there is the biggest gap between the female rate of unemployment and the male. On the other hand, there is the phenomenon of industrial isolation and occupational isolation in the labor market. In respect to the national level, the change of female industrial structure lag behind. The condition is changing that the female employment proportion is high in the primary industry and is low in the tertiary industry. According to the occupational structure, women engaged in agriculture, forest, herding, fishing and water conservancy industry job are the highest all the time in the proportion of women labor of obtaining employment. At present, the female occupations are mostly low-skill type in our country. The reasons caused to women obtaining employment difficultly include population, economy, history and society etc. 1.China have many labor forces and supply of labor force exceeds demand. 2.In the course of planned economic system transformed into market economic system, the previous employment structure and employment system have been assaulted, which caused difficulties for the female employment. 3.The high cost of the female labor force in our country made the enterprise pursuing the high profit unwilling to hire women. 4.Women's own quality also caused women to obtain the jobs difficultly. Women's physiology, psychology and intelligence characteristic influence the direction of female labor force participation. The overall cultural dynamics of the female is not so good as the male, especially high quality woman is less. The lower education degree, the bigger the gap of two-gender labor force participation is. But high-quality women is still in inferior position when compete with the man of same conditions. 5.The constraint of the traditional culture, conflicts of female role in the family and in the society, also caused women to obtain employment difficultly. According to relevant data, employing PEOPLE software, this paper predicts the trend of the female employment in the year of 2020 and calculate that the total dietary allowance of labor force might be up to 872,580,000 persons (female: 393,650,000 persons), the total demand allowance of labor force might be up to 849,500,000 persons and the gap is 23,080,000 persons in 2020. Finally, the problem of how to solve the female employment is discussed. Women employment is not only an economic question, but also a social concern, which should be started with from many aspects to solve this difficult problem. Firstly, in respect of economics, the employment problem should be...