Analysis Of The Political Causes Of Bureaucratic Administration Dilemma

The bureaucratic administration has been kept lasting until the 20th century since the mode produced , and was adopted extensively by the whole government all around the world. However, with the development of society , politics and economy , regard regulation and procedure as a main characteristic, the mode's operation in practice presents deviation , the government has fallen into financial crisis , management crisis and trust crisis.In the face of the bureaucrat, the western scholars have analysed reasons from different angles, the western countries have made a series of public administration reforms in the 50th and 60th in the 20th century too, mainly including the new Public Administration Science , theory of Public-choice and New PublicManagement,etc. and their practices. The New Public Administration Sience core concept is social justice, it criticized the traditional political administrative dichotomy method, think bureaucratic administration follow efficiency the highest doctrine , can't realize the weak groups'interests, safeguard the society to be fair effectively, maintain that sets up the model with democracy administration in the contemporary democratic society. The new public administration studies for representatives with Ostrom with Friedlich full of trees. The new public administration fails to make the leading position in practice. Theory of Public-choice with the assumption of the economic people of reason by way of economics,study contemporary country produced fail when it try to improve economic efficiency and income distribution unfair to intervene. Theory of Public-choice know two respects to the reason of the bureaucratic dilemma. First, the inherent drawback of non-market mechanism, second, the inherent defect of the democratic politics course, and has proposed two kinds of solutions accordingly , namely set up competition mechanism and reform the basic system inside the government, invent new political technology and new behavior democracy way. Though the theory had pointed out political reason and suggestion that the bureaucratic dilemma, but has not become the leading thought that the public administration reform is practised , the reformer only adopts and makes the market-based solution that administration's inherent drawback puts forward to the bureaucracy. The New Public Management criticized mechanisms of both efficiency and responsibility to be rigid in terms of management, power is centralized , praise highly the administrative skills of the private enterprise , advocate fraction , relaxed structure ,etc.; In responsibility mechanism , criticize the bureaucracy for making the administration and existing seriously insufficiently in realizing positive political responsibility and management responsibility New Public Administration social fair view , theory of Public-choice government of fail and New Public Management market-based scheme have a same prospective, confine the visual angle of the public administrative reform to bureaucratic system itself , criticize inefficient or poor efficiency and against democracy , think bureaucracy make itself whether bureaucracy make administrative reason of dilemma. In fact, the bureaucracy in democratic politics makes the administration in the specific system is arranged, these systems arrange to include the relation between government and market , government and politics , government and society. Western countries' public administrative reform inclines to proceed from relation between government and market, think the enlightment of bureaucratic dilemma lies in market , is it replace with market mode bureaucrat make administrative mode to propose even. In relation between government and the society , have put forward the theory with democracy administration too. By contrast, the discussion of the government and poltics proper relationship under the social economic condition of changing shows slightly insufficiently. This indicate western countries'limitations to the causes recognization of the dilemma. These limitations involve the following aspects mainly: Obscurity existing in ideal type and reality; The reading by mistake of the highest doctrine of efficiency; The mode of thinking of managerialism and reform scheme; Optimistic of " intact information "and difficult problem that positive manage responsibility . Among them, the mode of thinking of managerialism and reform scheme are the main limitation. This main limitation has caused the limit achievements directly or indirectly, and has produced a lot of new problems. Making the reform of the administrative mode to the bureaucracy, perhaps not meet an urgent need solving constructing or seeking other substituting modes . Is it set out to arrange the relationships between administration and politics , probe into bureaucraic dilemma basic political reason, can yet be regarded as a kind of beneficial exploration. The political reason of the predicament is to analyse the political power structure, every political key element in it, and the connections between the structrue,the elements and the dilemma. The relation between politics and administration, has been a key question of public administration all the time . History of the administration and political relation in democracy, is the course that an administrative power and politicalpower relation are being adjusted constantly.This indicate that public administrations's substantive issue is the contradictions of democracy and efficiency; The establishment of the democracy makes the...